NSA/MWR/C1 - Reprocess: wrong calibration

Moisture was found inside the lens of the MWR. Removal of the moisture caused a 
significant change in the calibration, especially in the 23.8 GHz channel. The calibration was 
updated automatically.

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)

NSA/MWR/C1 - MWR digital board failure

A power failure at the site apparently damaged some of the components of the digital 
board. The MWR was replaced with a spare unit and returned to the manufacturer for repair.

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)

SGP/MWR/C1 - Intermittent Negative Sky Brightness Temperatures

Several related and recurring problems with the MWRs have been reported
dating back to 1999.  These problems were due to the occurrence of
blackbody signals (in counts) that were half of those expected. The
symptoms included noisy data, spikes in the data, negative brightness
temperatures, and apparent loss of serial communication between the
computer and the radiometer, which results in a self-termination of the
MWR program.

Because these all initially appeared to be hardware-related problems,
the instrument mentor and site operations personnel (1) repeatedly
cleaned and replaced the fiber optic comm. components, (2) swapped
radiometers, (3) sent radiometers back to Radiometrics for evaluation
(which did not revealed any instrument problems), and (4) reconfigured
the computer's operating system.  Despite several attempts to isolate
and correct it, the problem persisted.

It became apparent that some component of the Windows98 configuration
conflicted with the DOS-based MWR program or affected the serial port
or the contents of the serial port buffer. This problem was finally
corrected by upgrading the MWR software with a new Windows-compatible
program.

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)

NSA/MWR/C1  - no air temperature signal

When the new blower was upgraded by Radiometrics and reinstalled on the MWR, the air 
temperature sensor failed to properly report. It was determined that the wires carrying the 
signal to the analog board did not conform to the standard expected by the upgraded blower. 
The problem was corrected by changing the wiring and modifying the MWR software to read 
the signal from the appropriate corresponding channel.

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Ambient temperature(tkair)

• Ambient temperature(tkair)

NSA/SONDE/C1 - Broken temperature sensor

It appears that the temperature sensor on this radiosonde broke after launch.  There is a 
sudden drop of 12 degC in 2 seconds and the remaining tdry values seem to be about 30 
degC low.

• Relative humidity scaled, by total column amount from MWR(rh)
• Dry-Bulb Temperature(tdry)
• Surface dew point temperature(dp)

• Surface dew point temperature(dp)
• Relative humidity scaled, by total column amount from MWR(rh)
• Dry-Bulb Temperature(tdry)

NSA/MWR/C1 - min/max/delta values incorrect

The values of valid_min, valid_max, and valid_delta for fields tkxc and tknd were 
incorrect. They should be 303, 333, and 0.5 K, respectively.

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)

NSA/MWR/C1 - damaged window

The MWR dielectric window was damaged by snow from a snow blower and replaced.

• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• 23.8 GHz sky plus noise injection signal(skyn23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 31.4 GHz sky+noise injection signal(skyn31)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 31.4 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(unoise31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 23.8 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(unoise23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)

• Ensemble average for MWR vapor in window centered about balloon release(mean_vap_mwr)
• Ensemble average for MWR liquid in window centered about balloon release(mean_liq_mwr)
• ensemble average for MWR 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature in window centered
  about balloon release(mean_tbsky31_mwr)
• Standard deviation for ensemble average for MWR 23.8 GHz sky brightness
  temperature(sd_tbsky23_mwr)
• ensemble average for MWR 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature in window centered
  about balloon release(mean_tbsky23_mwr)
• Size of MWR ensemble for mean_tbsky23_mwr field(num_tbsky23_mwr)
• Size of MWR ensemble for mean_liq_mwr field(num_liq_mwr)
• Size of MWR ensemble for mean_tbsky31_mwr field(num_tbsky31_mwr)
• Standard deviation for ensemble average for MWR 31.4 GHz sky brightness
  temperature(sd_tbsky31_mwr)
• Size of MWR ensemble for mean_vap_mwr field(num_vap_mwr)
• Standard deviation of ensemble average for MWR vapor(sd_vap_mwr)
• Standard deviation for ensemble average for MWR liq(sd_liq_mwr)

• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)

• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)

NSA/MWR/C1 - power supply failure

The MWR failed due to infiltration of blowing snow which damaged the electronics. The 
digital and analog boards were replaced by new boards supplied by Radiometrics and the power 
supply was replaced by the unit from the spare MWR.

• 23.8 GHz sky plus noise injection signal(skyn23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky+noise injection signal(skyn31)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(unoise31)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Which LOS configuration(losn)
• Air temperature at blower inlet(tair)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 23.8 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(unoise23)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)

• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)

• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)

NSA/SONDE/C1 - This is a test sounding done using an RS80H radiosonde

This was a sounding done using an RS80H radiosonde to test a special operational 
procedure.  There is nothing wrong with the data, though users should be aware that the sounding 
was not done using the current ARM standard RS90 radiosonde.

• surface wind speed(wspd)
• Wind Direction(deg)
• Ascent Rate(asc)
• Dry-Bulb Temperature(tdry)
• model meridional wind velocity(v_wind)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• pressure at constant pressure surface(pres)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• model zonal wind velocity(u_wind)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Surface dew point temperature(dp)
• Wind Status(wstat)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Relative humidity scaled, by total column amount from MWR(rh)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)

NSA/SONDE/C1 - Test sounding using RS80H

This is a test sounding done using an old RS80H radiosonde rather than the production RS90 
version.  Although the sonde functioned normally, the RH data may be subject to a dry 
bias caused by the age of the sensor and possible contamination.

• Relative humidity scaled, by total column amount from MWR(rh)
• Surface dew point temperature(dp)

NSA/SONDE/C1 - Incorrect surface altitude

The value of the station altitude (relative to mean sea level) is
incorrect in all NSA radiosonde files prior to 2/14/2004.  The correct
value is 8 m.  The incorrect value can be different.  Prior to 4/24/2002
(in platform nsaisssonde...) it was given as 12 m.  From 4/24/2002 to
2/13/2004 (in platform nsasondewnpn...) it is almost always given as
27 m (sometimes [rarely] 17 m).

• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

NSA/C1 - Site-wide power failure

The Barrow facility experienced a site-wide power failure on 12/13.  Power was restored to 
most instruments between 2250 and 2330 GMT.

• Elevation angle of Beam 4 for WINDS data(elevation4)
• Power offset(power)
• Average Interval(avgint)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Number of Values Required for Consensus, Beam 4(nrcns4)
• Number of values that passed consensus, beam 2(ncns2)
• Azimuth of Beam 2 for WINDS data(azimuth2)
• Elevation angle of Beam 0 for WINDS data(elevation0)
• Beam 1 radial wind speed(vel1)
• Sample Rate(sampr)
• Rx bandwidth switch code(bswitch)
• Height Index(range_gate)
• Signal to Noise Ratio, Beam 4(snr4)
• Azimuth of Beam 4 for WINDS data(azimuth4)
• Number of Values Required for Consensus, Beam 0(nrcns0)
• Number of spectra/ave int, Beam 2(nrec2)
• Signal to Noise Ratio, Beam 0(snr0)
• Azimuth of Beam 0 for WINDS data(azimuth0)
• Array of heights for each sample time(height_p)
• Number of Values Required for Consensus, Beam 1(nrcns1)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Azimuth of Beam 1 for WINDS data(azimuth1)
• Number of valid heights for each power(nheight)
• Oblique FFT Bandwidth(oband)
• Elevation angle of Beam 1 for WINDS data(elevation1)
• Number of Individual Spectra/Average Spectrum(nspc)
• Beam 0 radial wind speed(vel0)
• Oblique Velocity Spectral Resolution(ovsr)
• Number of values that passed consensus, beam 1(ncns1)
• Beam 4 radial wind speed(vel4)
• copolar signal to noise ratio(snr1)
• Number of Coherent Samples/spectral point(ncoh)
• Number of spectra/ave int, Beam 1(nrec1)
• Horizontal wind speed(spd)
• Elevation angle of Beam 2 for WINDS data(elevation2)
• model zonal wind velocity(u_wind)
• Vertical Velocity Spectral Resolution(vvsr)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Number of values that passed consensus, beam 0(ncns0)
• model meridional wind velocity(v_wind)
• Height of Center of First Range Gate(rgf)
• Number of Values Required for Consensus, Beam 2(nrcns2)
• Interpulse Period(ipp)
• Number of spectra/ave int, Beam 0(nrec0)
• Number of spectra/ave int, Beam 4(nrec4)
• Beam 3 radial wind speed(vel3)
• Number of Pulse Code Bits(pcbits)
• Number of values that passed consensus, beam 4(ncns4)
• Signal to Noise Ratio, Beam 2(snr2)
• Elevation angle of Beam 3 for WINDS data(elevation3)
• Range Gate Spacing(rgs)
• Individual Spectrum Integration Time(sitime)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Height of Center of Last Range Gate(rgl)
• Number of Values Required for Consensus, Beam 3(nrcns3)
• Delay Time to 1st Gate(dly)
• Time Domain Integration Time(tditime)
• Vertical FFT Bandwidth(vband)
• Pulse Repetition Frequency(prf)
• Horizontal wind direction(dir)
• Azimuth of Beam 3 for WINDS data(azimuth3)
• Ave Time per Average Spectra. Also known as dwell.(spcavetim)
• Number of values that passed consensus, beam 3(ncns3)
• Beam 2 radial wind speed(vel2)
• Pulse Length(plen)
• Signal to Noise Ratio, Beam 3(snr3)
• Number of spectra/ave int, Beam 3(nrec3)

• JPG data stream - documentation not supported(JPEG data stream - documentation not yet available)

• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Number of Values Required for Consensus, Beam 0(nrcns)
• Number of Values that Passed Consensus, Beam 0 Virtual Temperature(ncns_virtual_temp)
• Corrected Beam 0 Virtual Temperature(virtual_temp_corr)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Height of bins above ground level for the temperature, retrieved water vapor,
  and pressure profile(height)
• Signal to Noise Ratio, Corrected Beam 0 Virtual Temperature(snr_virtual_temp_corr)
• RASS virtual temperature (1st moment)(virtual_temp)
• Number of Values that Passed Consensus, Corrected Beam 0 Virtual Temperature(ncns_virtual_temp_corr)
• Number of Average Spectra/Average Int, Beam 0(nrec)
• Sample Rate(sampr)
• Vertical wind velocity(vert_v)
• Signal to Noise Ratio, Vertical wind velocity(snr_vert_v)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Signal to Noise Ratio, Beam 0 Virtual Temperature(snr_virtual_temp)
• Average Interval(avgint)
• Range Gate Spacing(rgs)
• Number of Values that Passed Consensus, Vertical wind velocity(ncns_vert_v)

• Individual Spectrum Integration Time(sitime)
• Time Domain Integration Time(tditime)
• Oblique FFT Bandwidth(oband)
• Vertical FFT Bandwidth(vband)
• Signal to Noise Ratio of the RASS Signal(snr)
• Number of valid heights for each power(nheight)
• Radial Velocity Spectral Resolution(vsr)
• Mean atmospheric vertical velocity(mdf)
• Height of Center of Last Range Gate(rgl)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Number of Pulse Code Bits(pcbits)
• Beam Number(beam)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Number of Coherent Samples/spectral point(ncoh)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Number of Individual Spectra/Average Spectrum(nspc)
• Elevation angle of Beam 0(elevation)
• Rx bandwidth switch code(bswitch)
• Sample Rate(sampr)
• Delay Time to 1st Gate(dly)
• Range Gate Spacing(rgs)
• Array of heights for each sample time(height_t)
• 1000 * log10(noise signal level: vert vel)(noise)
• Pulse Repetition Frequency(prf)
• Spectral Width: vert velocity(specw)
• Height Index(range_gate)
• Pulse Length(plen)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Ave Time per Average Spectra. Also known as dwell.(spcavetime)
• Height of Center of First Range Gate(rgf)
• Interpulse Period(ipp)

• Repetition rate, or Trigger Frequency of the laser(trigger_freq)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Amount of time the actual laser pulse lags behind the sync trigger(laser_sync_offset)
• Distance from leading edge of first range bin to the center of each bin .(range_bins)
• effective range offset due to poor sync between laser firing and A/D trigger.(range_offset)
• Preliminary cloud base height above ground level(preliminary_cbh)
• Laser temperature(laser_temp)
• Time offset from midnight of date of file. For CO data, this is identical to
  time_offset and is included for compatibility.(time)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Angle of orientation with respect to true geographic north(transceiver_azimuth_angle)
• Number of laser pulses summed during measurement interval(shots_summed)
• Background signal(background_signal)
• value represents date when configuration is first applicable as YYYYMMDD(property)
• Repetition rate, or Trigger Frequency of the laser(pulse_rep)
• Detector temperature(detector_temp)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Amount of time the scalar lags behind the sync trigger(scalar_sync_offset)
• Voltage level which operates the thermistor(voltage_10)
• Number of laser pulses summed during measurement interval(shots_sum)
• Time in nanoseconds for each range bin of multichannel scalar card.(range_bin_time)
• Filter temperature(filter_temp)
• Width of range-bins calculated from range_bin_time(range_bin_width)
• Voltage level which operates the A/D card and the detector(voltage_05)
• distance to center of range bin after correcting for offset in sync(range)
• Maximum altitude retrieved from multichannel scalar card.(max_altitude)
• Energy output per pulse of transmitted laser beam at 532 nm (Doubled Nd -YLF)(energy_monitor)
• Height of bins above ground level for the temperature, retrieved water vapor,
  and pressure profile(height)
• Voltage level which operates the energy monitor(voltage_15)
• Instrument temperature(instrument_temp)
• Angle of inclination with respect to horizontal(transceiver_altitude_angle)
• required to correct raw counts for detector deadtime prior to all other
  corrections.(deadtime_correction)
• Sum of raw backscatter counts per bin prior to ANY corrections.(total_counts)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Amount of time laser pulse lags behind the scalar trigger(laser_scalar_sync_offset)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Aerosol volume backscattering coefficient at 355 nm(backscatter)

• Filter temperature(filter_temp)
• Time offset from midnight of date of file. For CO data, this is identical to
  time_offset and is included for compatibility.(time)
• Energy output per pulse of transmitted laser beam at 532 nm (Doubled Nd -YLF)(energy_monitor)
• Laser temperature(laser_temp)
• distance to center of range bin after correcting for offset in sync(range)
• Background signal(background_signal)
• Height of bins above ground level for the temperature, retrieved water vapor,
  and pressure profile(height)
• Preliminary cloud base height above ground level(preliminary_cbh)
• Maximum altitude retrieved from multichannel scalar card.(max_altitude)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Instrument temperature(instrument_temp)
• Voltage level which operates the A/D card and the detector(voltage_05)
• effective range offset due to poor sync between laser firing and A/D trigger.(range_offset)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Voltage level which operates the energy monitor(voltage_15)
• Attenuated backscatter(detector_counts)
• Voltage level which operates the thermistor(voltage_10)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Detector temperature(detector_temp)
• Number of laser pulses summed during measurement interval(shots_summed)
• Time in nanoseconds for each range bin of multichannel scalar card.(range_bin_time)
• Repetition rate, or Trigger Frequency of the laser(pulse_rep)
• Width of range-bins calculated from range_bin_time(range_bin_width)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Distance from leading edge of first range bin to the center of each bin .(range_bins)

• Expected root-mean-square error in precipitable water retrieval using only
  23.835 and 30.0 GHz(totalPrecipitableWater2RmsError)
• Flag indicating moisture sensor status(wetWindowFlag)
• Retrieved cloud liquid water content(liquidWaterContent)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Cloud-base height, from Micropulse LIDAR or Belfort LIDAR ceilometer(cloudBaseHeight)
• Expected root-mean-square error in liquid water path retrieval using only 23.835
  and 30.0 GHz(liquidWaterPath2RmsError)
• Expected root-mean-square error in temperature retrieval(temperatureRmsError)
• Retrieved liquid water path using only 23.835 and 30.0 GHz(liquidWaterPath2)
• Surface absolute temperature at instrument(surfaceTemperature)
• Surface water vapor density at instrument(surfaceWaterVaporDensity)
• Lifting condensation level(liftingCondensationLevel)
• Interpolated dewpoint temperature(dewpointTemperature)
• Retrieved liquid water path(liquidWaterPath)
• Equilibrium level pressure(equilibriumLevelPres)
• Lifting condensation level pressure(liftingCondensationLevelPres)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Retrieved total precipitable water vapor using only 23.835 and 30.0 GHz(totalPrecipitableWater2)
• Surface air temperature for last 5 minutes of previous hour(temperature)
• Expected root-mean-square error in water vapor density retrieval(waterVaporDensityRmsError)
• Retrieved water vapor density(waterVaporDensity)
• Time offset from midnight of date of file. For CO data, this is identical to
  time_offset and is included for compatibility.(time)
• Expected root-mean-square error in liquid water path retrieval(liquidWaterPathRmsError)
• Level of free convection pressure(levelFreeConvectionPres)
• Microwave brightness temperature(brightnessTemperature)
• Data quality flags(dataQualityFlags)
• Internal blackbody reference temperature(blackbodyTemperature)
• atmospheric pressure at mean sea level and at tropopause (NGM250 predicted)(pressure)
• Derived virtual temperature(virtualTemperature)
• Zenith-pointing infrared temperature at 10um(infraredTemperature)
• Total precipitable water vapor, from microwave radiometer(totalPrecipitableWater)
• Frequency(frequency)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Expected root-mean-square error in precipitable water retrieval(totalPrecipitableWaterRmsError)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Convective available potential energy(cape)
• Expected root-mean-square error in liquid water content retrieval(liquidWaterContentRmsError)
• Level of free convection(levelFreeConvection)
• Surface pressure at instrument(surfacePressure)
• Height of bins above ground level for the temperature, retrieved water vapor,
  and pressure profile(height)
• Surface relative humidity at instrument(surfaceRelativeHumidity)
• Elevation angle of Beam 0(elevation)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Derived relative humidity(relativeHumidity)
• Solar azimuth referenced to the Central Facility.(azimuth)
• Equilibrium level(equilibriumLevel)
• Interpolated water vapor mixing ratio(waterVaporMixingRatio)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Spectral Data (signal strength/freq int)(spc_amp)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Sample Rate(sampr)
• Range Gate Spacing(rgs)
• Height of bins above ground level for the temperature, retrieved water vapor,
  and pressure profile(height)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Particle radius at logarithmic center of bin(bins)

• Mean acoustic speed(smdf)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• RASS virtual temperature (1st moment)(virtual_temp)
• Signal to Noise Ratio: acoustic(ssnr)
• Spectral Width: vert velocity(specw)
• Mean atmospheric vertical velocity(mdf)
• Sample Rate(sampr)
• Range Gate Spacing(rgs)
• Signal to Noise Ratio of the RASS Signal(snr)
• Height of bins above ground level for the temperature, retrieved water vapor,
  and pressure profile(height)
• 1000 * log10(noise signal level: vert vel)(noise)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Acoustic Spectral Width(sspecw)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)

• 40m Average QLI Reference Temperature(RefT40M_AVG)
• Standard Deviation of 10m Calculated Vapor Pressure(VP10M_STD)
• 15 minute Present Weather Code(PwCod15mi)
• Chilled Mirror Calculated Vapor Pressure(VPCMH)
• Chilled Mirror Temperature(CMHTemp)
• Standard Deviation of 40m Calculated Dew Point(DP40M_STD)
• 2m Arithmetic Mean Wind Speed(WS2M_S_WVT)
• 10m Vector Averaged Wind Speed(WS10M_U_WVT)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• 10m Arithmetic Mean Wind Speed(WS10M_S_WVT)
• 2m Average QLI Input Voltage(Volt2M_AVG)
• 2m Vector Averaged Wind Direction(WD2M_DU_WVT)
• 10m Average Relative Humidity(RH10M_AVG)
• Present Weather Sensor Alarm(PWSAlarm)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 20m Average Relative Humidity(RH20M_AVG)
• 10m Average Calculated Vapor Pressure(VP10M_AVG)
• 1 minute Average Visibility(AvgVis1mi)
• Standard Deviation of Sonic Vector Averaged Wind Direction(SonicWD_SDU_WVT)
• 10m Average Temperature(T10M_AVG)
• Instant Present Weather Code(InstPwCod)
• Standard Deviation of 2m Relative Humidity(RH2M_STD)
• Standard Deviation of 10m Relative Humidity(RH10M_STD)
• Standard Deviation of 10m Temperature(T10M_STD)
• 40m Average Calculated Dew Point(DP40M_AVG)
• Standard Deviation of 2m Calculated Vapor Pressure(VP2M_STD)
• 1 hour Present Weather Code(PwCod1hr)
• Standard Deviation of 20m Relative Humidity(RH20M_STD)
• 40m Vector Averaged Wind Speed(WS40M_U_WVT)
• 10m Average Calculated Dew Point(DP10M_AVG)
• 20m Arithmetic Mean Wind Speed(WS20M_S_WVT)
• Standard Deviation of 20m Vector Averaged Wind Direction(WD20M_SDU_WVT)
• 2m Average Temperature(T2M_AVG)
• 2m Average Calculated Dew Point(DP2M_AVG)
• Cumulative Snow Sum(CumSnow)
• 20m Vector Averaged Wind Direction(WD20M_DU_WVT)
• 20m Average Calculated Dew Point(DP20M_AVG)
• Average X Component of Sonic Wind Speed(SonicX_AVG)
• 20m Average QLI Reference Temperature(RefT20M_AVG)
• Sonic Vector Averaged Wind Direction(SonicWD_DU_WVT)
• Standard Deviation of 2m Temperature(T2M_STD)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Standard Deviation of 10m Vector Averaged Wind Direction(WD10M_SDU_WVT)
• 10 minute Average Visibility(AvgVis10m)
• 2m Average Relative Humidity(RH2M_AVG)
• Standard Deviation of 10m Calculated Dew Point(DP10M_STD)
• Standard Deviation of 2m Vector Averaged Wind Direction(WD2M_SDU_WVT)
• 10m Average QLI Input Voltage(Volt10M_AVG)
• 20m Average Temperature(T20M_AVG)
• 40m Vector Averaged Wind Direction(WD40M_DU_WVT)
• Standard Deviation of 2m Calculated Dew Point(DP2M_STD)
• Cumulative Water Sum(CumH2O)
• 10m Average QLI Reference Temperature(RefT10m_AVG)
• 40m Average Relative Humidity(RH40M_AVG)
• 40m Arithmetic Mean Wind Speed(WS40M_S_WVT)
• 40m Average Temperature(T40M_AVG)
• Precipitation Rate(PcpRate)
• 10m Vector Averaged Wind Direction(WD10M_DU_WVT)
• Sonic Arithmetic Mean Wind Speed(SonicWS_S_WVT)
• 2m Average Calculated Vapor Pressure(VP2M_AVG)
• Average Y Component of Sonic Wind Speed(SonicY_AVG)
• Sonic Vector Averaged Wind Speed(SonicWS_U_WVT)
• Standard Deviation of 40m Temperature(T40M_STD)
• 20m Average Calculated Vapor Pressure(VP20M_AVG)
• 2m Vector Averaged Wind Speed(WS2M_U_WVT)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Time offset from midnight of date of file. For CO data, this is identical to
  time_offset and is included for compatibility.(time)
• 2m Average QLI Reference Temperature(RefT2M_AVG)
• Average Sonic Static Speed of Sound(SonicS_AVG)
• Chilled Mirror Calculated Saturation Vapor Pressure(SatVPCMH)
• Standard Deviation of 20m Calculated Vapor Pressure(VP20M_STD)
• Standard Deviation of 40m Relative Humidity(RH40M_STD)
• 20m Average QLI Input Voltage(Volt20M_AVG)
• Standard Deviation of 40m Vector Averaged Wind Direction(WD40M_SDU_WVT)
• Datalogger Battery Voltage(Batt_Volt)
• Standard Deviation of 20m Calculated Dew Point(DP20M_STD)
• 40m Average QLI Reference Voltage(Volt40M_AVG)
• Chilled Mirror Dew Point(CMHDP)
• 20m Vector Averaged Wind Speed(WS20M_U_WVT)
• 40m Average Calculated Vapor Pressure(VP40M_AVG)
• Standard Deviation of 20m Temperature(T20M_STD)
• Standard Deviation of 40m Calculated Vapor Pressure(VP40M_STD)
• Chilled Mirror Calculated Relative Humidity(CMHRH)
• Atmospheric Pressure(AtmPress)

• Imaginary radiance during sky view averaged over (700_705 cm-1)(skyViewImaginaryRadiance700_705)
• Weight factor for top used in calculating ambient blackbody temperature average(ABBtopTempWeight)
• Hot blackbody temperature - apex(HBBapexTemp)
• Interferometer window temperature measured on the outside of the aluminum window
  flange(interferometerWindowTemp)
• Resistive temperature of 97 Kohm fixed resistor located in SCE-P4 shell(fixed97KohmResistor)
• Shortwave window brightness temperature from radiance average (2510_2515 cm^-1)(shortwaveWindowAirTemp2510_2515)
• Coadditions count Number of complete(forward+backward) interferogram scans in a
  sample average.(coadditionsCount)
• Imaginary radiance during sky view averaged over (2282_2287 cm-1)(skyViewImaginaryRadiance2282_2287)
• Characteristic value representing overall longwave channel responsivity(LWresponsivity)
• Motor step value given to motor controller to achieve proper mirror positioning(sceneMirrorMotorStep)
• Radiance standard deviation during sky view averaged over (985_990 cm^-1)(skyViewStdDevRadiance985_990)
• Ambient air temperature at hatch opening(outsideAirTemp)
• Hot blackbody temperature - rim top(HBBtopTemp)
• Hatch status indicator, boolean with negative error conditions: 1:Open 0:Closed
  -1:Fault -2:Outside Valid Range -3:Neither Open Nor Closed(hatchOpen)
• Version number of Operational Software(systemReleaseNumber)
• Weight factor for bottom used in calculating ambient blackbody temperature
  average(ABBbottomTempWeight)
• Imaginary radiance during sky view averaged over (2295_2300 cm-1)(skyViewImaginaryRadiance2295_2300)
• Radiance standard deviation during ambient blackbody view averaged over (700_705
  cm-1)(ABBviewStdDevRadiance700_705)
• Logical flag indicating that a data record is missing (true/false)(missingDataFlag)
• Corrective offset for final hot blackbody average temperature(HBBtempOffset)
• Weight factor for top used in calculating hot blackbody temperature average(HBBtopTempWeight)
• Radiance standard deviation during ambient blackbody view averaged over (985_990
  cm-1)(ABBviewStdDevRadiance985_990)
• Logical flag indicating whether HBB temperature is stable (true) or not stable
  (false). Determined using HBBtempDrift and HBBtempDriftLimit.(HBBstable)
• Duration of scene view(sceneViewDuration)
• Ambient temperature used in calibration(calibrationAmbientTemp)
• Ambient air temperature near the interferometer(airNearInterferometerTemp)
• Scene mirror temperature as measured at the center of the back of the mirror(sceneMirrorTemp)
• Resistive temperature of 2500 Ohm fixed resistor - banana plug mounted(fixed2500ohmResistor)
• Longwave window radiance average (985_990 cm^-1)(longwaveWindowRadiance985_990)
• The noise equivalent radiance observed in the longwave channel during a sky view
  at 1000 cm^-1(LWskyNEN)
• Rain sensor analog output: the rain sensor is located inside the hatch near the
  sky aperture and is used to flag the critical condition of rain falling on
  the AERI s(rainSensorIntensity)
• Imaginary radiance during sky view averaged over (2510_2515 cm-1)(skyViewImaginaryRadiance2510_2515)
• Shortwave radiance average (2295_2300 cm^-1) Surface Air(surfaceLayerRadiance2295_2300)
• Shortwave radiance average (2282_2287 cm^-1) Elevated Air(elevatedLayerRadiance2282_2287)
• Scene Mirror Position Count Number of viewers in a sequence(sceneMirPosCount)
• Noise-equivalent Radiance in Hot Blackbody at 1000 cm-1(LW_HBB_NEN)
• Temperature of the AERI blackbody support structure(BBsupportStructureTemp)
• Maximum departure from ideal of the mirror position over the course of all
  contributing views. Typically two hot, two ambient, and one scene view are
  examine(sceneMirPosEncoderMaxDrift)
• Longwave elevated air brightness temperature from radiance average (700_705
  cm^-1)(elevatedLayerAirTemp700_705)
• Observation longitude(Longitude)
• Radiance standard deviation during hot blackbody view averaged over (700_705
  cm-1)(HBBviewStdDevRadiance700_705)
• Laser wavenumber used in definition of output wavenumber scale(outputLaserWavenumber)
• Imaginary radiance during sky view averaged over (675_680 cm-1)(skyViewImaginaryRadiance675_680)
• Longwave window brightness temperature from radiance average (985_990 cm^-1)(longwaveWindowAirTemp985_990)
• Characteristic value representing overall shortwave channel responsivity(SWresponsivity)
• Sun sensor analog output: The sun sensor has a view angle to the sky slightly
  larger than the interferometer FOV and is aligned to the interferometer
  line-of-sight. I(sunSensorIntensity)
• Detector temperature sensed via diode near detector(detectorTemp)
• Radiance standard deviation during ambient blackbody view averaged over
  (2295_2300 cm-1)(ABBviewStdDevRadiance2295_2300)
• Radiance standard deviation during sky view averaged over (2510_2515 cm^-1)(skyViewStdDevRadiance2510_2515)
• Maximum Temperature Difference Between ABB Thermistors(ABBmaxTempDiff)
• Interferometer front end fan airflow unheated temperature: used with heated
  temperature as measure of airflow.(frontEndFanAirUnheatedTemp)
• Relative humidity measured near Blackbodies. Use with Air Temperature Near BBs
  only.(atmosphericRelativeHumidity)
• Limit applied to LWskyNEN in determination of LWskyNENacceptable(LWskyNENlimit)
• Scene mirror motor driver heat sink temperature(motorDriverTemp)
• Radiance standard deviation during hot blackbody view averaged over (675_680
  cm-1)(HBBviewStdDevRadiance675_680)
• Shortwave surface air brightness temperature from radiance average (2295_2300
  cm^-1)(surfaceLayerAirTemp2295_2300)
• Longwave radiance average (675-680 cm^-1) Surface Air(surfaceLayerRadiance675_680)
• Factor used to convert single-scan noise to two-minute equivalent(twoMinuteNoiseEstimateFactor)
• Observation date(dateYYMMDD)
• Radiance standard deviation during sky view averaged over (700_705 cm^-1)(skyViewStdDevRadiance700_705)
• Blackbody controller Unit 2 power supply temperature(BBcontroller2temp)
• Stirling cooler compressor temperature measured at compressor heatsink(coolerCompressorTemp)
• Size of buffer holding initial spectrum(originalInterferogramSize)
• Time at center of AERI sky observation period(timeHHMMSS)
• Longwave radiance average (700_705 cm^-1) Elevated Air(elevatedLayerRadiance700_705)
• Radiance standard deviation during ambient blackbody view averaged over
  (2510_2515 cm-1)(ABBviewStdDevRadiance2510_2515)
• Size of buffer holding expanded spectrum before interpolation(expandedInterferogramSize)
• Radiance standard deviation during ambient blackbody view averaged over
  (2282_2287 cm-1)(ABBviewStdDevRadiance2282_2287)
• Weight factor for apex used in calculating hot blackbody temperature average(HBBapexTempWeight)
• Original laser wavenumber assumed for this instrument(originalLaserWavenumber)
• Signal conditioning electronics inside air temperature(SCEtemp)
• The maximum excursion of hot-blackbody temperature over 5 consecutive scenes,
  centered on the sky view(HBBtempDrift)
• Limit applied to HBBtempDrift in determination of HBBstable flag(HBBtempDriftLimit)
• Radiance standard deviation during sky view averaged over (2295_2300 cm^-1)(skyViewStdDevRadiance2295_2300)
• Scene mirror motor case temperature(mirrorMotorTemp)
• The noise equivalent radiance observed in the shortwave channel during a sky
  view at 2500 cm^-1(SWskyNEN)
• Logical flag indicating whether longwave channel noise equivalent radiance is
  acceptable in sky view (true/false). Determined using LWskyNEN and
  LWskyNENlimit.(LWskyNENacceptable)
• Cold blackbody temperature used in calibration(calibrationCBBtemp)
• Shortwave elevated air brightness temperature from radiance average (2282_2287
  cm^-1)(elevatedLayerAirTemp2282_2287)
• Character string containing instrument name(instrumentUnitNumber)
• Time at center of AERI sky observation period(Time_UTC_hours)
• Spare temperature sensor (location TBD)(spareTemp)
• Radiance standard deviation during sky view averaged over (2282_2287 cm^-1)(skyViewStdDevRadiance2282_2287)
• Radiance standard deviation during hot blackbody view averaged over (2510_2515
  cm-1)(HBBviewStdDevRadiance2510_2515)
• Field of view half angle used in finite FOV correction(FFOVhalfAngle)
• Julian Day including day and fraction of day(JulianDay)
• Radiance standard deviation during hot blackbody view averaged over (2282_2287
  cm-1)(HBBviewStdDevRadiance2282_2287)
• Stirling cycle cooler expander temperature(coolerExpanderTemp)
• Ambient air temperature near blackbodies(airNearBBsTemp)
• Logical flag indicating whether shortwave channel noise equivalent radiance is
  acceptable in sky view (true/false). Determined using SWskyNEN and
  SWskyNENlimit.(SWskyNENacceptable)
• Blackbody controller Unit 1 power supply temperature(BBcontroller1temp)
• Observation atmospheric pressure in AERI electronics(atmosphericPressure)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Interferometer front end fan airflow heated temperature: used with unheated
  temperature as measure of airflow.(frontEndFanAirHeatedTemp)
• Stirling cooler power supply temperature measured at power supply frame(coolerPowerSupplyTemp)
• Difference between frontEndFanAirHeatedTemp and frontEndFanAirUnheatedTemp
  indicative of front end air flow.(frontEndFanAirTempDiff)
• Weight factor for apex used in calculating ambient blackbody temperature average(ABBapexTempWeight)
• Scene mirror view angle in non-negative degrees, measured clockwise looking into
  interferometer window.(sceneMirrorAngle)
• Hot blackbody temperature - rim bottom(HBBbottomTemp)
• Relative Humidity measured in the Interferometer Enclosure(interferometerEnclosureRelativeHumidity)
• Observation Altitude(Altitude)
• Blackbody cavity geometry factor(BBcavityFactor)
• Resistive temperature of 12 Kohm fixed resistor located in SCE-P3 shell(fixed12KohmResistor)
• AERI instrument data channel number(channelNumber)
• AERI instrument unit serial number(AERIunitNumber)
• Time offset from midnight of date of file. For CO data, this is identical to
  time_offset and is included for compatibility.(time)
• Noise-equivalent Radiance in Hot Blackbody at 2500 cm-1(SW_HBB_NEN)
• Electronics rack ambient temperature measured at inside top of rack(rackAmbientTemp)
• Type of scene that has been calibrated (ASCII character as float)(calibratedSceneID)
• Difference between actual and ideal motor encoder values for current view
  indicative of quality of the mirror positioning.(sceneMirPosEncoderDrift)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Radiance standard deviation during ambient blackbody view averaged over (675_680
  cm-1)(ABBviewStdDevRadiance675_680)
• AERI interferometer temperature at second port(interferometerSecondPortTemp)
• Limit applied to SWskyNEN in determination of SWskyNENacceptable(SWskyNENlimit)
• Imaginary radiance during sky view averaged over (985_990 cm-1)(skyViewImaginaryRadiance985_990)
• Logical flag indicating whether any data is available at current time
  (true/false)(dataAvailable)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Radiance standard deviation during sky view averaged over (675_680 cm^-1)(skyViewStdDevRadiance675_680)
• Maximum Temperature Difference Between HBB Thermistors(HBBmaxTempDiff)
• Number of terms used in finite field of view correction(numberOfTerms)
• Ambient blackbody temperature(ABBbottomTemp)
• Hot blackbody temperature used in calibration(calibrationHBBtemp)
• Weight factor for bottom used in calculating hot blackbody temperature average(HBBbottomTempWeight)
• Longwave surface air brightness temperature from radiance average (675_680
  cm^-1)(surfaceLayerAirTemp675_680)
• Shortwave window radiance average (2510_2515 cm^-1)(shortwaveWindowRadiance2510_2515)
• Corrective offset for final ambient blackbody average temperature(ABBtempOffset)
• Scene mirror position encoder value(sceneMirPosEncoder)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Ambient blackbody temperature - apex(ABBapexTemp)
• Radiance standard deviation during hot blackbody view averaged over (2295_2300
  cm-1)(HBBviewStdDevRadiance2295_2300)
• Observation latitude(Latitude)
• Ambient blackbody temperature - rim top(ABBtopTemp)
• Maximum Standard Deviation in Thermistor Channels 0..7(maxSampleStdDev)
• Stirling cycle cooler current(coolerCurrent)
• Radiance standard deviation during hot blackbody view averaged over (985_990
  cm-1)(HBBviewStdDevRadiance985_990)
• Instrument scene mirror position identifier(sceneMirrorPosition)
• AERI ingest computer temperature measured at back panel of computer(computerTemp)
• Relative humidity measured in the optics compartment atop the interferometer.(opticsCompartmentRelativeHumidity)

• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Relative humidity measured near Blackbodies. Use with Air Temperature Near BBs
  only.(atmosphericRelativeHumidity)
• Maximum departure from ideal of the mirror position over the course of all
  contributing views. Typically two hot, two ambient, and one scene view are
  examine(sceneMirPosEncoderMaxDrift)
• Scene mirror view angle in non-negative degrees, measured clockwise looking into
  interferometer window.(sceneMirrorAngle)
• Julian Day including day and fraction of day(JulianDay)
• wavenumbers for standard deviation of radiance spectra(wnum2)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Cold blackbody temperature used in calibration(calibrationCBBtemp)
• AERI instrument unit serial number(AERIunitNumber)
• Observation latitude(Latitude)
• Character string containing instrument name(instrumentUnitNumber)
• Time at center of AERI sky observation period(Time_UTC_hours)
• Version number of Operational Software(systemReleaseNumber)
• Difference between the sky view\'s radiance variance and the hot black body
  view\'s variance(standard_dev_mean_rad)
• Type of scene that has been calibrated (ASCII character as float)(calibratedSceneID)
• Hatch status indicator, boolean with negative error conditions: 1:Open 0:Closed
  -1:Fault -2:Outside Valid Range -3:Neither Open Nor Closed(hatchOpen)
• Hot blackbody temperature used in calibration(calibrationHBBtemp)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Ambient temperature used in calibration(calibrationAmbientTemp)
• AERI instrument data channel number(channelNumber)
• Observation Altitude(Altitude)
• Logical flag indicating that a data record is missing (true/false)(missingDataFlag)
• wavenumbers for mean radiance spectra(wnum)
• Ambient air temperature at hatch opening(outsideAirTemp)
• Time at center of AERI sky observation period(timeHHMMSS)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Temperature of the AERI blackbody support structure(BBsupportStructureTemp)
• Time offset from midnight of date of file. For CO data, this is identical to
  time_offset and is included for compatibility.(time)
• Downwelling radiance interpolated to standard wavenumber scale(mean_rad)
• Duration of scene view(sceneViewDuration)
• Observation longitude(Longitude)
• Observation atmospheric pressure in AERI electronics(atmosphericPressure)
• Observation date(dateYYMMDD)

• AERI LW Responsivity Spectral Averages (Ch1)(ResponsivitySpectralAveragesCh1)
• Time at center of AERI sky observation period(timeHHMMSS)
• Longwave window brightness temperature from radiance average (985_990 cm^-1)(longwaveWindowAirTemp985_990)
• Shortwave surface air brightness temperature from radiance average (2295_2300
  cm^-1)(surfaceLayerAirTemp2295_2300)
• AERI SW Scene NESR Spectral Averages (Ch2)(SkyNENCh2)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum3)
• Longwave elevated air brightness temperature from radiance average (700_705
  cm^-1)(elevatedLayerAirTemp700_705)
• Logical flag indicating whether longwave channel noise equivalent radiance is
  acceptable in sky view (true/false). Determined using LWskyNEN and
  LWskyNENlimit.(LWskyNENacceptable)
• Characteristic value representing overall longwave channel responsivity(LWresponsivity)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• AERI LW Scene Brightness Temp Spectral Averages (Ch1)(SkyBrightnessTempSpectralAveragesCh1)
• Longwave radiance average (700_705 cm^-1) Elevated Air(elevatedLayerRadiance700_705)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum7)
• Difference between actual and ideal motor encoder values for current view
  indicative of quality of the mirror positioning.(sceneMirPosEncoderDrift)
• Maximum Temperature Difference Between HBB Thermistors(HBBmaxTempDiff)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum6)
• Cold blackbody temperature used in calibration(calibrationCBBtemp)
• The noise equivalent radiance observed in the longwave channel during a sky view
  at 1000 cm^-1(LWskyNEN)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum13)
• Radiance standard deviation during sky view averaged over (675_680 cm^-1)(skyViewStdDevRadiance675_680)
• Observation longitude(Longitude)
• Logical flag indicating whether any data is available at current time
  (true/false)(dataAvailable)
• AERI LW Scene NESR Spectral Averages (Ch1)(SkyNENCh1)
• Radiance standard deviation during sky view averaged over (2282_2287 cm^-1)(skyViewStdDevRadiance2282_2287)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum2)
• Observation latitude(Latitude)
• Longwave window radiance average (985_990 cm^-1)(longwaveWindowRadiance985_990)
• Shortwave radiance average (2295_2300 cm^-1) Surface Air(surfaceLayerRadiance2295_2300)
• AERI SW Scene Radiance Spectral Averages (Ch2)(SkyRadianceSpectralAveragesCh2)
• Characteristic value representing overall shortwave channel responsivity(SWresponsivity)
• Type of scene that has been calibrated (ASCII character as float)(calibratedSceneID)
• Longwave radiance average (675-680 cm^-1) Surface Air(surfaceLayerRadiance675_680)
• AERI SW HBB 2min NESR Estimate #1 derived from variance during HBB view (Ch2)(HBB2minNENestimateNo1Ch2)
• Noise-equivalent Radiance in Hot Blackbody at 2500 cm-1(SW_HBB_NEN)
• Rain sensor analog output: the rain sensor is located inside the hatch near the
  sky aperture and is used to flag the critical condition of rain falling on
  the AERI s(rainSensorIntensity)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum12)
• Time offset from midnight of date of file. For CO data, this is identical to
  time_offset and is included for compatibility.(time)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum1)
• Shortwave window radiance average (2510_2515 cm^-1)(shortwaveWindowRadiance2510_2515)
• Radiance standard deviation during sky view averaged over (985_990 cm^-1)(skyViewStdDevRadiance985_990)
• AERI instrument data channel number(channelNumber)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum9)
• Ambient air temperature at hatch opening(outsideAirTemp)
• The maximum excursion of hot-blackbody temperature over 5 consecutive scenes,
  centered on the sky view(HBBtempDrift)
• Relative humidity measured near Blackbodies. Use with Air Temperature Near BBs
  only.(atmosphericRelativeHumidity)
• Scene mirror view angle in non-negative degrees, measured clockwise looking into
  interferometer window.(sceneMirrorAngle)
• Shortwave elevated air brightness temperature from radiance average (2282_2287
  cm^-1)(elevatedLayerAirTemp2282_2287)
• Julian Day including day and fraction of day(JulianDay)
• Radiance standard deviation during sky view averaged over (700_705 cm^-1)(skyViewStdDevRadiance700_705)
• AERI LW Scene Variability Spectral Averages (Ch1)(SkyUniformityCh1)
• Logical flag indicating that a data record is missing (true/false)(missingDataFlag)
• Difference between frontEndFanAirHeatedTemp and frontEndFanAirUnheatedTemp
  indicative of front end air flow.(frontEndFanAirTempDiff)
• Hot blackbody temperature used in calibration(calibrationHBBtemp)
• Ambient temperature used in calibration(calibrationAmbientTemp)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Longwave surface air brightness temperature from radiance average (675_680
  cm^-1)(surfaceLayerAirTemp675_680)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum5)
• AERI SW Scene Variability Spectral Averages (Ch2)(SkyUniformityCh2)
• AERI LW HBB 2min NESR Estimate #1 derived from variance during HBB view (Ch1)(HBB2minNENestimateNo1Ch1)
• AERI SW HBB 2min NESR Estimate #2 derived from sequential HBB views (Ch2)(HBB2minNENestimateNo2Ch2)
• Logical flag indicating whether HBB temperature is stable (true) or not stable
  (false). Determined using HBBtempDrift and HBBtempDriftLimit.(HBBstable)
• AERI instrument unit serial number(AERIunitNumber)
• Observation atmospheric pressure in AERI electronics(atmosphericPressure)
• Radiance standard deviation during sky view averaged over (2510_2515 cm^-1)(skyViewStdDevRadiance2510_2515)
• Noise-equivalent Radiance in Hot Blackbody at 1000 cm-1(LW_HBB_NEN)
• Observation date(dateYYMMDD)
• Sun sensor analog output: The sun sensor has a view angle to the sky slightly
  larger than the interferometer FOV and is aligned to the interferometer
  line-of-sight. I(sunSensorIntensity)
• Version number of Operational Software(systemReleaseNumber)
• Logical flag indicating whether shortwave channel noise equivalent radiance is
  acceptable in sky view (true/false). Determined using SWskyNEN and
  SWskyNENlimit.(SWskyNENacceptable)
• Maximum departure from ideal of the mirror position over the course of all
  contributing views. Typically two hot, two ambient, and one scene view are
  examine(sceneMirPosEncoderMaxDrift)
• AERI LW Scene Radiance Spectral Averages (Ch1)(SkyRadianceSpectralAveragesCh1)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum11)
• The noise equivalent radiance observed in the shortwave channel during a sky
  view at 2500 cm^-1(SWskyNEN)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Observation Altitude(Altitude)
• AERI SW Responsivity Spectral Averages (Ch2)(ResponsivitySpectralAveragesCh2)
• Maximum Temperature Difference Between ABB Thermistors(ABBmaxTempDiff)
• Maximum Standard Deviation in Thermistor Channels 0..7(maxSampleStdDev)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum4)
• Duration of scene view(sceneViewDuration)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum8)
• AERI LW HBB 2min NESR Estimate #2 derived from sequential HBB views (Ch1)(HBB2minNENestimateNo2Ch1)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Shortwave radiance average (2282_2287 cm^-1) Elevated Air(elevatedLayerRadiance2282_2287)
• Hatch status indicator, boolean with negative error conditions: 1:Open 0:Closed
  -1:Fault -2:Outside Valid Range -3:Neither Open Nor Closed(hatchOpen)
• AERI SW Scene Brightness Temp Spectral Averages (Ch2)(SkyBrightnessTempSpectralAveragesCh2)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum14)
• Shortwave window brightness temperature from radiance average (2510_2515 cm^-1)(shortwaveWindowAirTemp2510_2515)
• Averaged Wave number in inverse centimeters(wnumsum10)
• Time at center of AERI sky observation period(Time_UTC_hours)
• Radiance standard deviation during sky view averaged over (2295_2300 cm^-1)(skyViewStdDevRadiance2295_2300)
• Character string containing instrument name(instrumentUnitNumber)

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)

• Percentage of nominal factory setting (0 to 999%)(receiver_sensitivity)
• Third cloud base height(third_cbh)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Flag indicating aeri retrieval status(status_flag)
• Aerosol volume backscattering coefficient at 355 nm(backscatter)
• Millivolts at internal ADC input (0 to 2500)(background_light)
• distance to center of range bin after correcting for offset in sync(range)
• Vertical visibility(vertical_visibility)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Degrees from vertical (-15 to +90)(tilt_angle)
• Altitude of highest signal(alt_highest_signal)
• Lowest cloud base height detected.(first_cbh)
• SUM of detected and normalized backscatter(sum_backscatter)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Percentage of nominal factory setting (0 to 999%)(laser_pulse_energy)
• Detection status. See details(detection_status)
• Warning and alarm status bits(status_string)
• 6 character string describing instrument measurement parameters(measurement_parameters)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Second lowest cloud base height(second_cbh)
• Laser temperature(laser_temperature)
• GPS raw data filename(filename)
• Millivolts at internal ADC input(window_contamination)

• Number of valid heights for each power(nheight)
• Rx bandwidth switch code(bswitch)
• Range Gate Spacing(rgs)
• Ave Time per Average Spectra. Also known as dwell.(spcavetim)
• Delay Time to 1st Gate(dly)
• Elevation angle of Beam 0(elevation)
• Spectral Data (signal strength/freq int)(spc_amp)
• Interpulse Period(ipp)
• Radial Velocity Spectral Resolution(vsr)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Height of Center of Last Range Gate(rgl)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Time Domain Integration Time(tditime)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Vertical FFT Bandwidth(vband)
• Sample Rate(sampr)
• Height of Center of First Range Gate(rgf)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Pulse Repetition Frequency(prf)
• Array of heights for each sample time(height_t)
• Oblique FFT Bandwidth(oband)
• Number of Pulse Code Bits(pcbits)
• Number of Coherent Samples/spectral point(ncoh)
• Number of Individual Spectra/Average Spectrum(nspc)
• Individual Spectrum Integration Time(sitime)
• Particle radius at logarithmic center of bin(bins)
• Height Index(range_gate)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Beam Number(beam)
• Pulse Length(plen)

• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)

• wavenumbers for mean radiance spectra(wnum)
• Logical flag indicating that a data record is missing (true/false)(missingDataFlag)
• Ambient air temperature at hatch opening(outsideAirTemp)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Version number of Operational Software(systemReleaseNumber)
• Ambient temperature used in calibration(calibrationAmbientTemp)
• Maximum departure from ideal of the mirror position over the course of all
  contributing views. Typically two hot, two ambient, and one scene view are
  examine(sceneMirPosEncoderMaxDrift)
• Time at center of AERI sky observation period(Time_UTC_hours)
• Hot blackbody temperature used in calibration(calibrationHBBtemp)
• Time offset from midnight of date of file. For CO data, this is identical to
  time_offset and is included for compatibility.(time)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Hatch status indicator, boolean with negative error conditions: 1:Open 0:Closed
  -1:Fault -2:Outside Valid Range -3:Neither Open Nor Closed(hatchOpen)
• Type of scene that has been calibrated (ASCII character as float)(calibratedSceneID)
• Observation atmospheric pressure in AERI electronics(atmosphericPressure)
• wavenumbers for standard deviation of radiance spectra(wnum2)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Time at center of AERI sky observation period(timeHHMMSS)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Cold blackbody temperature used in calibration(calibrationCBBtemp)
• Temperature of the AERI blackbody support structure(BBsupportStructureTemp)
• Observation longitude(Longitude)
• Character string containing instrument name(instrumentUnitNumber)
• AERI instrument data channel number(channelNumber)
• Observation Altitude(Altitude)
• Relative humidity measured near Blackbodies. Use with Air Temperature Near BBs
  only.(atmosphericRelativeHumidity)
• AERI instrument unit serial number(AERIunitNumber)
• Julian Day including day and fraction of day(JulianDay)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Downwelling radiance interpolated to standard wavenumber scale(mean_rad)
• Difference between the sky view\'s radiance variance and the hot black body
  view\'s variance(standard_dev_mean_rad)
• Scene mirror view angle in non-negative degrees, measured clockwise looking into
  interferometer window.(sceneMirrorAngle)
• Observation date(dateYYMMDD)
• Duration of scene view(sceneViewDuration)
• Observation latitude(Latitude)

• Delay to First Range Gate(StartGateDelay)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Receiver Cal Time Stamp(RxCalTimeStamp)
• Number of Coherent Integrations(NumCoherentIntegrations)
• Max. height of clutter removal(ClutterHeight)
• Circular Depolarization Ratio(CircularDepolarizationRatio)
• DC Filtering ON-OFF Status(DCFilterONOFF)
• Average Noise Level (S/N<0)(AvgNoiseLevel)
• Pulse Width(PulseWidth)
• Current Receiver Number(ReceiverNumber)
• Receiver Gain(RxGain)
• RadarWaveLength(m) / [4 * InterPulsePeriod(s) * NumCoherentIntegrations](NyquistVelocity)
• Windowing ON-OFF Status(WindowingONOFF)
• MMCR Spectral Width(SpectralWidth)
• Time Spacing Between Gates(GateSpacing)
• Mean Noise Level(NoiseLevel)
• Receiver 290K Level(Rx290KLevel)
• Number of Receiver(NumReceivers)
• Minimum detectable reflectivity(MinimumDetectableReflectivity)
• TWT Status Code, details forthcoming from MMCR vendor(TWTStatusCode)
• MMCR Reflectivity(Reflectivity)
• Receiver Cal Check Level(CalCheckLevel)
• Receiver Cal Check Time Stamp(CalCheckTime)
• Number of Code Bits(NumCodeBits)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Inter-Pulse Period(InterPulsePeriod)
• Range Corrected Calibrated Power(RangeCorrectedPower)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Receiver Sky Noise(SkyNoiseLevel)
• Time associated with hourly averaged values(TimeAvg)
• Data Quality Status(DataQualityStatus)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Operating Set for this Record(ModeNum)
• Radar Constant(RadarConstant)
• radar mode char identifier(ModeDescription)
• Power (uncalibrated)(Power)
• Receiver Mode(ReceiverMode)
• Number of Spectral Averages(NumSpectralAverages)
• MMCR Mean Doppler Velocity(MeanDopplerVelocity)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Number of Gate Heights(NumHeights)
• Number of Points in FFT(NumFFT)
• Range Heights (center of radar sample volume)(heights)
• Peak tranmitted power, averaged over the course of the hour(PeakTransmittedPowerAvg)
• Time offset from midnight of date of file. For CO data, this is identical to
  time_offset and is included for compatibility.(time)
• Signal to noise ratio(SignalToNoiseRatio)

NSA/MWR/C1 - poor air temperature values

After the air temperature sensor was rewired due to a change with the new blower 
(D030515.3), the measurement was initially incorrect. There is no apparent cause for the bad 
signal or its improvement.

• Ambient temperature(tkair)

• Ambient temperature(tkair)

NSA/SONDE/C1 - Bad temperature

Because of strong winds, the radiosonde hit the ground after launch and the temperature 
sensor broke.  The RH and pressure data also should be considered suspect.

• surface wind speed(wspd)
• Wind Direction(deg)
• Ascent Rate(asc)
• Dry-Bulb Temperature(tdry)
• model meridional wind velocity(v_wind)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• pressure at constant pressure surface(pres)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• model zonal wind velocity(u_wind)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Surface dew point temperature(dp)
• Wind Status(wstat)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Relative humidity scaled, by total column amount from MWR(rh)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)

NSA/MWR/C1 - Reprocess: Revised Calibration Coefficients

IN THE BEGINNING (June 1992), the retrieval coefficients used to derive 
the precipitable water vapor (PWV) and liquid water path (LWP) from the 
MWR brightness temperatures were based on the Liebe and Layton (1987) 
water vapor and oxygen absorption model and the Grant (1957) liquid 
water absorption model.

Following the SHEBA experience, revised retrievals based on the more 
recent Rosenkranz (1998) water vapor and oxygen absorption models and 
the Liebe (1991) liquid waer absorption model were developed.  The 
Rosenkranz water vapor absorption model resulted a 2 percent increase 
in PWV relative to the earlier Liebe and Layton model.  The Liebe 
liquid water absorption model decreased the LWP by 10% relative to the 
Grant model.  However, the increased oxygen absorption caused a 
0.02-0.03 mm (20-30 g/m2) reduction in LWP, which was particularly 
significant for low LWP conditions (i.e. thin clouds encountered at 
SHEBA).

Recently, it has been shown (Liljegren, Boukabara, Cady-Pereira, and 
Clough, TGARS v. 43, pp 1102-1108, 2005) that the half-width of the 
22 GHz water vapor line from the HITRAN compilation, which is 5 percent 
smaller than the Liebe and Dillon (1969) half-width used in Rosenkranz 
(1998), provided a better fit to the microwave brightness temperature 
measurements at 5 frequencies in the range 22-30 GHz, and yielded more 
accurate retrievals. Accordingly, revised MWR retrieval coefficients 
have been developed using MONORTM, which utilizes the HITRAN compilation 
for its spectroscopic parameters.  These new retrievals provide 3 
percent less PWV and 2.6 percent greater LWP than the previous 
retrievals based on Rosenkranz (1998).

Although the MWR data will be reprocessed to apply the new monortm-based 
retrievals, for most purposes it will be sufficient to correct the data 
using the following factors:

PWV_MONORTM = 0.9695 * PWV_ROSENKRANZ
LWP_MONORTM = 1.026  * LWP_ROSENKRANZ

The Rosenkranz-based retrieval coefficients became active at NSA.C1 
20020425.1900.  The MONORTM-based retrieval coefficients became active 
at NSA.C1 20050629.0000.

Note: a reprocessing effort is already underway to apply the 
Rosenkranz-based retrieval coefficients to all MWR prior to April 
2002.  An additional reprocessing task will be undertaken to apply 
the MONORTM retrieval to all MWR data when the first is completed. 
Read reprocessing comments in the netcdf file header carefully to 
ensure you are aware which retrieval is in play.

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)

• Ensemble average for MWR vapor in window centered about balloon release(mean_vap_mwr)
• Ensemble average for MWR liquid in window centered about balloon release(mean_liq_mwr)

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)

• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)

NSA/MWR/C1 - Possible loss of accuracy due to missing blower

On 7/09 the MWR blower failed. The blower prevents snow and liquid drop from accumulating 
on the window. Accumulation of snow or liquid results in a loss of accuracy of the 
instrument. The loss of accuracy has consequencies on the retrieved liquid water path and 
precipitable water vapor. Usually there will be an overestimation of liquid and vapor. The 
blower was repaired and reinstalled on 7/20. Between 7/9 and 7/20 the tkair variable is 
unavailable as well.

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)

NSA/MWR/C1 - Missing Data

Instrument was removed for repair.

• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval with water on the Teflon window(water_flag_fraction)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total liquid water amount(liq_sdev)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the IR brightness temperature(ir_temp_sdev)
• Number of points included in the ir_temp ensemble(num_obs_irt)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23_sdev)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31_sdev)
• Number of points included in the ensemble of all the fields except the ir_temp
  fields(num_obs)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total water vapor amount(vap_sdev)

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)

• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)

NSA/MWR/C1 - Instrument problem, Heater problem

The heater of the MWR was ON all the time even when the moisture sensor was dry. Jim 
Liljegren suspected a problem with the relay that activates the heater. The suggested action 
was to send the faulty assembly to SGP for repair and get a spare unit from SGP.
The spare unit was sent on 9/15 and was installed on 10/18.

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)

NSA/MWR/C1 - New software version (4.15) installed

A problem began with the installation of MWR.EXE version 4.12 in September 2002. The 
software had been upgraded from a "DOS" to a "Windows"-compiled program to address an earlier 
problem.  The software upgrade corrected the earlier problem but introduced a new one 
that caused line-of-sight observing cycles to be skipped, a 15% reduction in the number of 
tip curves, and saturation of CPU usage.  Software versions 4.13 and 4.14 also produced 
these problems.

The new MWR software version (4.15) was installed on 9/15/2005. As a consequence of this 
upgrade, the tip curve frequency increased. The tip cycle time decreased from ~60s to ~50s.

• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)

• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)

NSA/MWR/C1 - Reprocess: wrong calibration

When MWR#20 was returned to service on 9/1/2005, the calibration had changed as a result 
of the repairs made by Radiometrics and the RF deck temperature had been set to 325K for 
testing. On 9/2, the temperature was decreased to 307K to prevent thermal instability in 
winter and the calibration was changed in the configuration file with the values supplied 
on the repair report.  

The data need to be reprocessed with the calibration coefficients that were automatically 
derived after these changes were put into affect. They are: tnd_nom23=185.621, 
tnd_nom31=158.801, tc23=-0.022, tc31=-0.039.

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)

• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)

NSA/MWR/C1 -  Incorrect time stamp

On Sept 27 the motherboard of the MWR computer was replaced. Following the replacement, 
the date on the computer was not set to the correct time of day, therefore the date and 
time in the files were wrong. The time on the computer was reset on Sept. 30. Time stamps 
between Sept. 27 and Sept. 30 were later corrected based on gathered information, however 
they may have as much as 5 minutes of uncertainty.

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)

NSA/SONDE/C1 - Increased precision for alt, dp, pres, rh, tdry

The output precision of the following variables was increased 20060929:

   alt	changed from 1m to 0.1m
   dp	changed from 0.1degC to 0.01degC
   pres changed from 0.1 hPa to 0.01 hPa
   RH	changed from 1%RH to 0.01%RH
   tdry changed from .1degC to 0.01degC

Note that the increase in precision does not necessarily imply an increase
in accuracy.  Users are cautioned to continue to use their best scientific
judgement when using these or any other data.

• Relative humidity scaled, by total column amount from MWR(rh)
• Dry-Bulb Temperature(tdry)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• pressure at constant pressure surface(pres)
• Surface dew point temperature(dp)