SGP/MWR/B5 - wrong calibration

An upgrade of the instrument by the manufacturer significantly changed its 
calibration and the configuration file was not updated with the new calibration
values when the instrument was returned to service.

• null(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• lat(lat)
• lon(lon)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• lat(lat)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• (tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• lon(lon)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)

• lon(lon)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31_sdev)
• base time(base_time)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval with water on Teflon window(water_flag_fraction)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total water vapor amount(vap_sdev)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the IR brightness temperature(ir_temp_sdev)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lat(lat)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total liquid water amount(liq_sdev)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23_sdev)
• Number of data points averaged for 23tbsky, 31tbsky, vap & liq(num_obs)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• lat(lat)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• base time(base_time)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• lon(lon)

SGP/MWR/B4 - Sky Temperatures Noisy

The sky temperature data are very noisy, per Victor Morris.

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)

• 31.4 GHz calibration curve offset(31tbzenith)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• 23.8 GHz calibration curve offset(23tbzenith)

• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Sky Temperatures Noisy

The sky temperature data are very noisy, per Victor Morris.

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• 23.8 GHz calibration curve offset(23tbzenith)
• 31.4 GHz calibration curve offset(31tbzenith)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)

• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Data Missing

Instrument was returned to manufacturer for repair, per Victor Morris.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• lat(lat)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• lon(lon)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• lat(lat)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• base time(base_time)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• lat(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B4 - Sky Temperatures Noisy

The sky temperature data are very noisy, per Victor Morris.

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Data Missing

The instrument was returned to manufacturer for repair, per Victor Morris.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• lat(lat)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• lon(lon)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• lat(lat)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• base time(base_time)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• lat(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Sky Temperatures Noisy

The sky temperature data are very noisy, per Victor Morris.

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• 23.8 GHz calibration curve offset(23tbzenith)
• 31.4 GHz calibration curve offset(31tbzenith)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)

• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - missing data

Instrument returned to vendor for repair.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• lat(lat)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• null(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• lon(lon)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• lat(lat)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• base time(base_time)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• lat(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B4 - Negtive spikes in sky temperature data

There are negative spikes in the sky temperature data, per Victor Morris.

• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)

• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Spikes in sky temperature data

There are negative spikes in the sky temperature data, per Victor Morris.

• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)

• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - incorrect flagging of data

The "wet window" flag was set high more frequent than expected (wet_window = 1 for several 
hours almost every night). This problem was corrected by the instrument mentor during a 
site visit.

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

SGP/MWR/B4 - noisy data

The MWR exhibited occasional negative sky brightness temperatures that were resolved, 
after eliminating the instrument and communication lines as the source of the problem, by 
reformatting and reconfiguring the laptop computer.

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

SGP/MWR/B6 - noisy data

The MWR exhibited occasional negative sky brightness temperatures that were resolved, 
after eliminating the instrument and communication lines as the source of the problem, by 
reformatting and reconfiguring the laptop computer.

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B5 - missing data

The data are missing due to a power failure.

• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• lat(lat)
• lon(lon)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• lat(lat)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• (tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• lon(lon)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• lat(lat)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• base time(base_time)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• lon(lon)

SGP/MWR/B6 - missing data

The data are missing because the computer was removed to upgrade the core configuration.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• lat(lat)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• lon(lon)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• lat(lat)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• base time(base_time)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• lat(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B4 - spare MWR

A spare MWR (s.n.38) was temporarily installed at Vici to help resolve problems with the 
occurance of negative sky brightness temperatures (see BCR-310 and P000712.1).

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• lon(lon)
• lat(lat)
• base time(base_time)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23sky)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(23bb)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(31bbn)
• 23.8 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(23unoise)
• 23.8 GHz sky+noise injection signal(23skyn)
• 31.4 GHz sky+noise injection signal(31skyn)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31sky)
• 31.4 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(31unoise)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Which LOS configuration(losn)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(31bb)
• lon(lon)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• lat(lat)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(23bbn)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• base time(base_time)

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• lat(lat)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• (tknd)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• base time(base_time)
• lon(lon)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)

• 23.8 GHz calibration curve slope(23gain)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(23r)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lon(lon)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(23bbn)
• 31.4 GHz noise diode calib adjusted to tknd_nom and low_pass filltered(31expave)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody signal(23tipbb)
• 31.4 GHz noise diode calib (injection temp) at Tkxc(31ndiode)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal+noise injection signal(31tipskynd)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody signal(31tipbb)
• Airmass value(airm)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(31bbn)
• Tip configuration number(tipn)
• Blackbody temperature 1(tkbb1)
• Blackbody temperature 2(tkbb2)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(23bb)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(31r)
• 31.4 GHz calibration curve slope(31gain)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal+noise injection signal(23tipskynd)
• lat(lat)
• 23.8 GHz noise diode calib (injection temp) at Tkxc(23ndiode)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(31bb)
• 23.8 GHz noise diode calib adjusted to tknd_nom and low_pass filltered(23expave)

• lat(lat)
• lon(lon)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

SGP/MWR/B6 - High noise level, poor calibration

The data from this instrument (serial number 18) have become increasingly noisy, most 
likely due to a failing local oscillator.  A consequence of this increased noise level has 
been few valid calibration scans ("tip curves") since 1 April 2002: during the period 26-31 
March 2002 1496 valid tip curves were acquired, whereas only 729 were acquired during 
April, 387 during May, 143 during June, 243 during July.  As a result, the calibration was 
not as well-maintained as usual.  The measured brightness temperatures and retrieved 
precipitable water vapor and liquid water path should be regarded as suspect.  The instrument 
was replaced with serial number 04 on 2 August 2002.

• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz sky+noise injection signal(23skyn)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(23bb)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(31bb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23sky)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(noise_injection_temp_23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky+noise injection signal(31skyn)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(31bbn)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(temperature_correction_coef_31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(23bbn)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(noise_injection_temp_31)
• 31.4 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(31unoise)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(temperature_correction_coef_23)
• 23.8 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(23unoise)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31sky)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Instrument replaced, calibration incorrect

MWR serial number 18 was replaced with MWR serial number 04 at 1652 on 2 Aug 2002.  
Between this time and 2214, when a sufficient number of new tip curves were acquired to update 
the calibration, the old calibration (for serial number 18) was used.  During this period 
the data are incorrect.

• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• lat(lat)
• (tknd)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• lon(lon)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• base time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)

• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval flagged by Dynamic Linear Model as poten(dlm_flag_fraction)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Number of points included in the ir_temp ensemble(num_obs_irt)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total water vapor amount(vap_sdev)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23_sdev)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the IR brightness temperature(ir_temp_sdev)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Number of data points averaged for 23tbsky, 31tbsky, vap & liq(num_obs)
• Number of contiguous periods in averaging interval flagged by Dynamic Linear Mo(dlm_flag_periods)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval with water on Teflon window(water_flag_fraction)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total liquid water amount(liq_sdev)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lat(lat)
• Number of contiguous periods in averaging interval with water on Teflon window(water_flag_periods)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Number of data points averaged for ir_temp(num_obs_ir)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31_sdev)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Which LOS configuration(losn)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz sky+noise injection signal(23skyn)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(23bb)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(noise_injection_temp_23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(31bbn)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(temperature_correction_coef_31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(23bbn)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(noise_injection_temp_31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(23unoise)
• base time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(31bb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23sky)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky+noise injection signal(31skyn)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• lon(lon)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• (tknd)
• 31.4 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(31unoise)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(temperature_correction_coef_23)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31sky)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lat(lat)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• base time(base_time)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• lat(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lon(lon)
• (tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Instrument replaced, calibration updating

Following replacement of the MWR at B6, an automatically and continuously upated median 
calibration value was used based on data acquired during this period.  After this period, 
sufficient tip curves were available to automatically and continuously determine and 
account for the temperature dependence of the calibration.

• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• lat(lat)
• (tknd)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• lon(lon)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• base time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)

• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval flagged by Dynamic Linear Model as poten(dlm_flag_fraction)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Number of points included in the ir_temp ensemble(num_obs_irt)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total water vapor amount(vap_sdev)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23_sdev)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the IR brightness temperature(ir_temp_sdev)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Number of data points averaged for 23tbsky, 31tbsky, vap & liq(num_obs)
• Number of contiguous periods in averaging interval flagged by Dynamic Linear Mo(dlm_flag_periods)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval with water on Teflon window(water_flag_fraction)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total liquid water amount(liq_sdev)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lat(lat)
• Number of contiguous periods in averaging interval with water on Teflon window(water_flag_periods)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Number of data points averaged for ir_temp(num_obs_ir)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31_sdev)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Which LOS configuration(losn)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz sky+noise injection signal(23skyn)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(23bb)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(noise_injection_temp_23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(31bbn)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(temperature_correction_coef_31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(23bbn)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(noise_injection_temp_31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(23unoise)
• base time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(31bb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23sky)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky+noise injection signal(31skyn)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• lon(lon)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• (tknd)
• 31.4 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(31unoise)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(temperature_correction_coef_23)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31sky)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lat(lat)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• base time(base_time)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• lat(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lon(lon)
• (tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Incorrect MWR warmup configuration

The local oscillator warm-up delay in the MWR configuration file was set to 
720 milliseconds instead of the typical 100 milliseconds which substantially 
increased the duration of the observing cycle.

• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)

• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)

SGP/MWR/B4/C1 - LOS cycle skipping

When MWR software version 4.12 was installed at the SGP, it was observed 
that the MWRs at CF and BF4 skip line-of-sight (LOS) observing cycles. In LOS mode, the 
software begins an observing cycle at 0, 20, and 40 seconds after the minute to provide 3 
LOS cycles per minute. If a cycle is delayed so that it takes more than 20 seconds to 
complete, then the next start time is missed, the cycle is skipped, and the data that would 
have been acquired are lost.  

It was demonstrated that the interaction with the IRT at CF slowed the MWR observing cycle 
noticeably and contributed significantly to the LOS cycle skipping. The IRT was removed 
from the MWR on 5 November 2002 and the LOS cycle skipping at the CF was resolved.  The 
IRT data are now available in a new separate datastream: sgpirtC1.a1 (and soon 
sgpirt2sC1.a1).

The BF4 cycle skipping may have resulted from a combination of an additional air 
temperature sensor on this instrument and the use of a fiber optic cable.  However, the cycle 
skipping on this instrument appears to have abated without modifications to the instrument 
configuration.

• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• (tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)

• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• (tknd)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)

• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)

SGP/MWR/B4 - Intermittent Negative Sky Brightness Temperatures

Several related and recurring problems with the SGP MWRs have been
reported dating back to 1999.  These problems were due to the
occurrence of blackbody signals (in counts) that were half of those
expected. The symptoms included noisy data (especially at Purcell),
spikes in the data (especially at Vici), negative brightness
temperatures, and apparent loss of serial communication between the
computer and the radiometer, which results in a self-termination of the
MWR program (especially at the CF).

Because these all initially appeared to be hardware-related problems,
the instrument mentor and SGP site operations personnel (1) repeatedly
cleaned and replaced the fiber optic comm. components, (2) swapped
radiometers, (3) sent radiometers back to Radiometrics for evaluation
(which has not revealed any instrument problems), and (4) reconfigured
the computer's operating system.  Despite several attempts to isolate
and correct it, the problem persisted.

It became apparent that some component of the Windows98 configuration
conflicted with the DOS-based MWR program or affected the serial port
or the contents of the serial port buffer. This problem was finally
corrected by upgrading the MWR software with a new Windows-compatible
program.

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

SGP/MWR/B5 - Intermittent Negative Sky Brightness Temperatures

Several related and recurring problems with the SGP MWRs have been
reported dating back to 1999.  These problems were due to the
occurrence of blackbody signals (in counts) that were half of those
expected. The symptoms included noisy data (especially at Purcell),
spikes in the data (especially at Vici), negative brightness
temperatures, and apparent loss of serial communication between the
computer and the radiometer, which results in a self-termination of the
MWR program (especially at the CF).

Because these all initially appeared to be hardware-related problems,
the instrument mentor and SGP site operations personnel (1) repeatedly
cleaned and replaced the fiber optic comm. components, (2) swapped
radiometers, (3) sent radiometers back to Radiometrics for evaluation
(which has not revealed any instrument problems), and (4) reconfigured
the computer's operating system.  Despite several attempts to isolate
and correct it, the problem persisted.

It became apparent that some component of the Windows98 configuration
conflicted with the DOS-based MWR program or affected the serial port
or the contents of the serial port buffer. This problem was finally
corrected by upgrading the MWR software with a new Windows-compatible
program.

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Intermittent Negative Sky Brightness Temperatures

Several related and recurring problems with the SGP MWRs have been
reported dating back to 1999.  These problems were due to the
occurrence of blackbody signals (in counts) that were half of those
expected. The symptoms included noisy data (especially at Purcell),
spikes in the data (especially at Vici), negative brightness
temperatures, and apparent loss of serial communication between the
computer and the radiometer, which results in a self-termination of the
MWR program (especially at the CF).

Because these all initially appeared to be hardware-related problems,
the instrument mentor and SGP site operations personnel (1) repeatedly
cleaned and replaced the fiber optic comm. components, (2) swapped
radiometers, (3) sent radiometers back to Radiometrics for evaluation
(which has not revealed any instrument problems), and (4) reconfigured
the computer's operating system.  Despite several attempts to isolate
and correct it, the problem persisted.

It became apparent that some component of the Windows98 configuration
conflicted with the DOS-based MWR program or affected the serial port
or the contents of the serial port buffer. This problem was finally
corrected by upgrading the MWR software with a new Windows-compatible
program.

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)

SGP/MWR/B4  - min/max/delta values incorrect

The values of valid_min, valid_max, and valid_delta for fields tkxc and tknd were 
incorrect. They should be 303, 333, and 0.5 K, respectively.

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• (tknd)

SGP/MWR/B5  - min/max/delta values incorrect

The values of valid_min, valid_max, and valid_delta for fields tkxc and tknd were 
incorrect. They should be 303, 333, and 0.5 K, respectively.

• (tknd)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)

SGP/MWR/B6  - min/max/delta values incorrect

The values of valid_min, valid_max, and valid_delta for fields tkxc and tknd were 
incorrect. They should be 303, 333, and 0.5 K, respectively.

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• (tknd)

SGP/MWR/B6  - thermal instability

During periods of high ambient temperature, the instrument may have been thermally 
unstable.

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)

SGP/MWR/B4 - no air temperature signal

When the new blower was upgraded by Radiometrics and reinstalled on the MWR, the air 
temperature sensor failed to properly report. It was determined that the wires carrying the 
signal to the analog board did not conform to the standard expected by the upgraded blower. 
The problem was corrected by changing the wiring and modifying the MWR software to read 
the signal from the appropriate corresponding channel.

• Ambient temperature(tkair)

• Ambient temperature(tkair)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Heater problem

When the heater/blower was replaced, the wet_window flag was constantly set high because 
the "moisture threshold voltage" value in the configuration file was not changed. The 
value was corrected for the new heater and the constant flagging stopped.

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

SGP/MWR/B4 - Heater problem

The heater does not appear to be operating properly when moisture is detected. The problem 
was corrected by adjusting the heater sensivity.

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

SGP/MWR/B4 - Reprocess: Revised Retrieval Coefficients

IN THE BEGINNING (June 1992), the retrieval coefficients used to derive the precipitable 
water vapor (PWV) and liquid water path (LWP) from the MWR brightness temperatures were 
based on the Liebe and Layton (1987) water vapor and oxygen absorption model and the Grant 
(1957) liquid water absorption model.

Following the SHEBA experience, revised retrievals based on the more recent Rosenkranz 
(1998) water vapor and oxygen absorption models and the Liebe (1991) liquid waer absorption 
model were developed.  The Rosenkranz water vapor absorption model resulted a 2 percent 
increase in PWV relative to the earlier Liebe and Layton model.  The Liebe liquid water 
absorption model decreased the LWP by 10% relative to the Grant model.  However, the 
increased oxygen absorption caused a 0.02-0.03 mm (20-30 g/m2) reduction in LWP, which was 
particularly significant for low LWP conditions (i.e. thin clouds encountered at SHEBA).

Recently, it has been shown (Liljegren, Boukabara, Cady-Pereira, and Clough, TGARS v. 43, 
pp 1102-1108, 2005) that the half-width of the 22 GHz water vapor line from the HITRAN 
compilation, which is 5 percent smaller than the Liebe and Dillon (1969) half-width used in 
Rosenkranz (1998), provided a better fit to the microwave brightness temperature 
measurements at 5 frequencies in the range 22-30 GHz, and yielded more accurate retrievals. 
Accordingly, revised MWR retrieval coefficients have been developed using MONORTM, which 
utilizes the HITRAN compilation for its spectroscopic parameters.  These new retrievals 
provide 3 percent less PWV and 2.6 percent greater LWP than the previous retrievals based on 
Rosenkranz (1998).

Although the MWR data will be reprocessed to apply the new monortm-based retrievals, for 
most purposes it will be sufficient to correct the data using the following factors:

PWV_MONORTM = 0.9695 * PWV_ROSENKRANZ
LWP_MONORTM = 1.026  * LWP_ROSENKRANZ

The Rosenkranz-based retrieval coefficients became active at SGP.B4 20020415.2300.  The 
MONORTM-based retrieval coefficients became active at SGP.B4 20050624.2100.

Note: a reprocessing effort is already underway to apply the Rosenkranz-based retrieval 
coefficients to all MWR prior to April 2002.  An additional reprocessing task will be 
undertaken to apply the MONORTM retrieval to all MWR data when the first is completed. Read 
reprocessing comments in the netcdf file header carefully to ensure you are aware which 
retrieval is in play.

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)

• Ensemble average for MWR vapor in window centered about balloon release(mean_vap_mwr)
• Ensemble average for MWR liquid in window centered about balloon release(mean_liq_mwr)

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

SGP/MWR/B5 - Reprocess: Revised Retrieval Coefficients

IN THE BEGINNING (June 1992), the retrieval coefficients used to derive 
the precipitable water vapor (PWV) and liquid water path (LWP) from the 
MWR brightness temperatures were based on the Liebe and Layton (1987) 
water vapor and oxygen absorption model and the Grant (1957) liquid 
water absorption model.

Following the SHEBA experience, revised retrievals based on the more 
recent Rosenkranz (1998) water vapor and oxygen absorption models and 
the Liebe (1991) liquid waer absorption model were developed.  The 
Rosenkranz water vapor absorption model resulted a 2 percent increase 
in PWV relative to the earlier Liebe and Layton model.  The Liebe 
liquid water absorption model decreased the LWP by 10% relative to the 
Grant model.  However, the increased oxygen absorption caused a 
0.02-0.03 mm (20-30 g/m2) reduction in LWP, which was particularly 
significant for low LWP conditions (i.e. thin clouds encountered at 
SHEBA).

Recently, it has been shown (Liljegren, Boukabara, Cady-Pereira, and 
Clough, TGARS v. 43, pp 1102-1108, 2005) that the half-width of the 
22 GHz water vapor line from the HITRAN compilation, which is 5 percent 
smaller than the Liebe and Dillon (1969) half-width used in Rosenkranz 
(1998), provided a better fit to the microwave brightness temperature 
measurements at 5 frequencies in the range 22-30 GHz, and yielded more 
accurate retrievals. Accordingly, revised MWR retrieval coefficients 
have been developed using MONORTM, which utilizes the HITRAN compilation 
for its spectroscopic parameters.  These new retrievals provide 3 
percent less PWV and 2.6 percent greater LWP than the previous 
retrievals based on Rosenkranz (1998).

Although the MWR data will be reprocessed to apply the new monortm-based 
retrievals, for most purposes it will be sufficient to correct the data 
using the following factors:

PWV_MONORTM = 0.9695 * PWV_ROSENKRANZ
LWP_MONORTM = 1.026  * LWP_ROSENKRANZ

The Rosenkranz-based retrieval coefficients became active at SGP.B5 
20020415.2300.  The MONORTM-based retrieval coefficients became active 
at SGP.B5 20050624.2100.

Note: a reprocessing effort is already underway to apply the 
Rosenkranz-based retrieval coefficients to all MWR prior to April 
2002.  An additional reprocessing task will be undertaken to apply 
the MONORTM retrieval to all MWR data when the first is completed. 
Read reprocessing comments in the netcdf file header carefully to 
ensure you are aware which retrieval is in play.

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)

• Ensemble average for MWR vapor in window centered about balloon release(mean_vap_mwr)
• Ensemble average for MWR liquid in window centered about balloon release(mean_liq_mwr)

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Reprocess: Revised Retrieval Coefficients

IN THE BEGINNING (June 1992), the retrieval coefficients used to derive 
the precipitable water vapor (PWV) and liquid water path (LWP) from the 
MWR brightness temperatures were based on the Liebe and Layton (1987) 
water vapor and oxygen absorption model and the Grant (1957) liquid 
water absorption model.

Following the SHEBA experience, revised retrievals based on the more 
recent Rosenkranz (1998) water vapor and oxygen absorption models and 
the Liebe (1991) liquid waer absorption model were developed.  The 
Rosenkranz water vapor absorption model resulted a 2 percent increase 
in PWV relative to the earlier Liebe and Layton model.  The Liebe 
liquid water absorption model decreased the LWP by 10% relative to the 
Grant model.  However, the increased oxygen absorption caused a 
0.02-0.03 mm (20-30 g/m2) reduction in LWP, which was particularly 
significant for low LWP conditions (i.e. thin clouds encountered at 
SHEBA).

Recently, it has been shown (Liljegren, Boukabara, Cady-Pereira, and 
Clough, TGARS v. 43, pp 1102-1108, 2005) that the half-width of the 
22 GHz water vapor line from the HITRAN compilation, which is 5 percent 
smaller than the Liebe and Dillon (1969) half-width used in Rosenkranz 
(1998), provided a better fit to the microwave brightness temperature 
measurements at 5 frequencies in the range 22-30 GHz, and yielded more 
accurate retrievals. Accordingly, revised MWR retrieval coefficients 
have been developed using MONORTM, which utilizes the HITRAN compilation 
for its spectroscopic parameters.  These new retrievals provide 3 
percent less PWV and 2.6 percent greater LWP than the previous 
retrievals based on Rosenkranz (1998).

Although the MWR data will be reprocessed to apply the new monortm-based 
retrievals, for most purposes it will be sufficient to correct the data 
using the following factors:

PWV_MONORTM = 0.9695 * PWV_ROSENKRANZ
LWP_MONORTM = 1.026  * LWP_ROSENKRANZ

The Rosenkranz-based retrieval coefficients became active at SGP.B6 
20020416.2200.  The MONORTM-based retrieval coefficients became active 
at SGP.B6 20050624.1942.

Note: a reprocessing effort is already underway to apply the 
Rosenkranz-based retrieval coefficients to all MWR prior to April 
2002.  An additional reprocessing task will be undertaken to apply 
the MONORTM retrieval to all MWR data when the first is completed. 
Read reprocessing comments in the netcdf file header carefully to 
ensure you are aware which retrieval is in play.

• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

• Ensemble average for MWR liquid in window centered about balloon release(mean_liq_mwr)
• Ensemble average for MWR vapor in window centered about balloon release(mean_vap_mwr)

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

SGP/MWR/B4 - New software version (4.15) installed

A problem began with the installation of MWR.EXE version 4.12 in July 2002. The software 
had been upgraded from a "DOS" to a "Windows"-compiled program to address an earlier 
problem.  The software upgrade corrected the earlier problem but introduced a new one that 
caused line-of-sight observing cycles to be skipped, a 15% reduction in the number of tip 
curves, and saturation of CPU usage. Software versions 4.13 and 4.14 also produced these 
problems.

The new MWR software, version 4.15, was installed on 9/13/2005. As a consequence of this 
upgrade, the tip curve frequency increased. The tip cycle time decreased from ~60s to ~50s.

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• (tknd)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)

• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)

SGP/MWR/B5 - New software version (4.15) installed

A problem began with the installation of MWR.EXE version 4.12 in July 2002. The software 
had been upgraded from a "DOS" to a "Windows"-compiled program to address an earlier 
problem.  The software upgrade corrected the earlier problem but introduced a new one that 
caused line-of-sight observing cycles to be skipped, a 15% reduction in the number of tip 
curves, and saturation of CPU usage. Software versions 4.13 and 4.14 also produced these 
problems.

The new MWR software, version 4.15, was installed on 9/13/2005. As a consequence of this 
upgrade, the tip curve frequency increased. The tip cycle time decreased from ~60s to ~50s.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• (tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• (tknd)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)

SGP/MWR/B6 - New software version (4.15) installed

A problem began with the installation of MWR.EXE version 4.12 in July 2002. The software 
had been upgraded from a "DOS" to a "Windows"-compiled program to address an earlier 
problem.  The software upgrade corrected the earlier problem but introduced a new one that 
caused line-of-sight observing cycles to be skipped, a 15% reduction in the number of tip 
curves, and saturation of CPU usage. Software versions 4.13 and 4.14 also produced these 
problems.

The new MWR software, version 4.15, was installed on 9/23/2005. As a consequence of this 
upgrade, the tip curve frequency increased. The tip cycle time decreased from ~60s to ~50s.

• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• (tknd)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)

• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• (tknd)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)

SGP/MWR/B5 - computer problem

The computer motherboard failed and attempts to replace failed. A new computer was 
installed on 12/09. The new computer started to collect data continuously on 12/12.

• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• lat(lat)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• (tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• lon(lon)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)

• null(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• lat(lat)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• base time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• (tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• lon(lon)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)

SGP/MWR/B4 - Reprocess: wrong retrievals

When the computer and core configuration were upgraded, retrieval coefficients for BF1 
were accidently included in the configuration file.
The correct coefficients for BF4 were applied when the software was upgraded to ver. 4.14 
and the configuration file was updated.

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)

• Ensemble average for MWR vapor in window centered about balloon release(mean_vap_mwr)
• Ensemble average for MWR liquid in window centered about balloon release(mean_liq_mwr)

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

SGP/MWR/B5 - Reprocess: wrong retrievals

When the computer and core configuration were upgraded, retrieval coefficients for BF1 
were accidently included in the configuration file.
The correct coefficients for BF5 were applied when the software was upgraded to ver. 4.14 
and the configuration file was updated.

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)

• Ensemble average for MWR vapor in window centered about balloon release(mean_vap_mwr)
• Ensemble average for MWR liquid in window centered about balloon release(mean_liq_mwr)

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

SGP/MWR/B6  - Reprocess: wrong retrievals

When the computer and core configuration were upgraded, retrieval coefficients for BF1 
were accidently included in the configuration file.
The correct coefficients for BF6 were applied when the software was upgraded to ver. 4.14 
and the configuration file was updated.

• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)

• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)

• Ensemble average for MWR liquid in window centered about balloon release(mean_liq_mwr)
• Ensemble average for MWR vapor in window centered about balloon release(mean_vap_mwr)

• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

SGP/MWR/B5 - Mixer temp unstable

The radiometer mixer temperature was unstable during this time interval. The instability 
will slightly affect calibration.  On 8/21, the instrument was sent to the vendor for 
repair.

June and July data are suspect, the calibration may be slightly incorrect. August data 
should not be used.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• (tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• (tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Reprocessed: Corrected calibration

The instrument was overheating so the radiometer temperature set point was increased from 
52 C to 56.5 C. The period between 7/20 and 7/22 has been reprocessed with corrected 
calibration coefficients.  Reprocessed MWRLOS data were archived January 2007.  MWRTIP data 
will not be reprocessed.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• lat(lat)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• lon(lon)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• lat(lat)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• (tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• base time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Reprocessed: Corrected calibration

The instrument was overheating so the radiometer temperature set point was increased from 
56.3 C to 57.8 C.  The data have been reprocessed with corrected calibration 
coefficients.  Reprocessed MWRLOS data were archived January 2007.  MWRTIP data will not be 
reprocessed.

• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• (tknd)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• (tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Data missing

Data are missing because of computer problem and power outage at the site.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• lat(lat)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• lon(lon)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• lat(lat)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• (tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• base time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)

SGP/MWR/B5 - Radiometer removed for repairs

The radiometer was removed for repairs

• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• lat(lat)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• (tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• lon(lon)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• lat(lat)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• base time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• (tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• lon(lon)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Computer problem

The computer was found powered off several times and the operators were unable to reboot 
it remotely

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• lat(lat)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• lon(lon)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• lat(lat)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• (tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• base time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Computer failure; Data missing

The computer powered off and it was not possible to restart it remotely. Data are missing 
between 9/8 and 9/12.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• lat(lat)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• null(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• lon(lon)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• lat(lat)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• (tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• base time(base_time)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)

• Fraction of data in averaging interval with water on Teflon window(water_flag_fraction)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total liquid water amount(liq_sdev)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lat(lat)
• Number of contiguous periods in averaging interval with water on Teflon window(water_flag_periods)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval flagged by Dynamic Linear Model as poten(dlm_flag_fraction)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Number of points included in the ir_temp ensemble(num_obs_irt)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total water vapor amount(vap_sdev)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23_sdev)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Number of data points averaged for ir_temp(num_obs_ir)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31_sdev)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the IR brightness temperature(ir_temp_sdev)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Number of data points averaged for 23tbsky, 31tbsky, vap & liq(num_obs)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Number of contiguous periods in averaging interval flagged by Dynamic Linear Mo(dlm_flag_periods)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Radiometer removed for MWR inter-comparison IOP

The radiometer was removed and taken to the Central Facility for the MWR inter-comparison 
IOP. Data from this instrument will be available from the IOP section as datastream S03

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• lat(lat)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• null(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• lon(lon)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• lat(lat)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• (tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• base time(base_time)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)

• Fraction of data in averaging interval with water on Teflon window(water_flag_fraction)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total liquid water amount(liq_sdev)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lat(lat)
• Number of contiguous periods in averaging interval with water on Teflon window(water_flag_periods)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval flagged by Dynamic Linear Model as poten(dlm_flag_fraction)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Number of points included in the ir_temp ensemble(num_obs_irt)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total water vapor amount(vap_sdev)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23_sdev)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Number of data points averaged for ir_temp(num_obs_ir)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• lon(lon)
• base time(base_time)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31_sdev)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the IR brightness temperature(ir_temp_sdev)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Number of data points averaged for 23tbsky, 31tbsky, vap & liq(num_obs)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Number of contiguous periods in averaging interval flagged by Dynamic Linear Mo(dlm_flag_periods)

SGP/MWR/B4 - Missing data

Data are missing and unrecoverable.

• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• lon(lon)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• lat(lat)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• (tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• base time(base_time)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• (tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• lat(lat)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• base time(base_time)
• lon(lon)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)

SGP/MWR/B5 - Missing data

Data are missing and unrecoverable.

• base time(base_time)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• (tknd)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• lat(lat)
• lon(lon)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Sky Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)

SGP/MWR/B5 - repair & upgrade

The MWR was returned to the manufacturer for repair and upgrade.
Radiometric's service report follows:

Here are the repairs/modifications that were performed on
WVR12.

Found dew blower heater IC driver and AC relay failed.
Replaced both.
Replaced dew blower fan because of aging.

Updated R4 (2.4K), R9 (100 ohm) on digital board; makes
elevation motor sensor less sensitive to sunlight when
cover is off.

Installed 0.1 mfd caps on power supply 7840 voltage
regulators, pin 8 to 11. Makes PS more stable
  Set PS voltages 5.1 and 12.5 volts Set PS current limits
  with dummy load.

Installed 0.01 mfd to gnd,, 0.1 mfd across pins 1&2 on
AD524. RFI mitigation.

Installed ferrite chokes on +/- 15 volts at IF/video amp.
RFI mitigation.

Replaced cracked crossguide coupler. Undoubtedly the cause
of noise diode shifts.

Replaced INMET 3016 50 ohm load on IF port with 3016A

pseudo-noise figures: 23GHz= 5.19: 31GHz= 5.26 Temp. coefs.
23GHz -0.01: 31GHz 0.03.

Data collected during this period should be ignored as they 
are due to testing by the manufacturer and are unrepresentative 
of the site.

• null(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• lat(lat)
• lon(lon)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

• null(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• lat(lat)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• (tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• lon(lon)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• base time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz blac2body+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)

• lon(lon)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31_sdev)
• base time(base_time)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval with water on Teflon window(water_flag_fraction)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total water vapor amount(vap_sdev)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• lat(lat)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total liquid water amount(liq_sdev)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23_sdev)
• Number of data points averaged for 23tbsky, 31tbsky, vap & liq(num_obs)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• IR Brightness Temperature(ir_temp)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Averaged total liquid water along LOS path(liq)
• lat(lat)
• Sky brightness temperature at 23.8 GHz(tbsky23)
• Dummy altitude for Zeb(alt)
• base time(base_time)
• MWR column precipitable water vapor(vap)
• Sky brightness temperature at 31.4 GHz(tbsky31)
• lon(lon)