SGP/KAZR/C1 - General Quality Statement

The KAZR continues to undergo evaluation by the radar instrument mentors, ProSensing, VAP 
developers, DQ Office, site scientists, users, etc.  As more in-depth analysis and 
calibration studies take place, we anticipate that new insights will be gained to increase the 
quality of the data and decrease the uncertainty of the measurements.  This is a 
continuous improvement process and issues will be addressed as they are discovered.

Calibration is very important.  With the addition of Ka-SACRs adjacent to the KAZRs, this 
will give us an unprecedented method of doing calibration comparisons.  The Ka-SACR will 
be able to use an external calibration target to include those components that are not 
calibrated by internal circuits.  We will not be able to point the KAZR at a calibration 
target but by comparing radar returns to the Ka-SACR, we will be able to achieve a higher 
degree of calibration than we ever could with the KAZR operating standalone as its 
predecessor, the MMCR, did.

As issues are discovered, attempts will be made to correct data that is currently in the 
Archive.  However, retrospective correction of errors due calibration, signal processing, 
component degradation and software bugs may not be possible for many of the data files.

This open-ended DQR is an advisory that some aspects of the data quality are not yet 
known.  It is also a request for users that find issues or questions with the data to contact 
the ARM Radar Engineering & Operations Group Manager, Kevin Widener, at 
kevin.widener@pnnl.gov as these issues occur so that they can be investigated and corrected if necessary.

• Spectra(spectra)
• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)
• lon(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)

• North Latitude(lat)
• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)
• reflectivity(reflectivity)
• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• lon(lon)
• Spectra(spectra)

• lon(lon)
• Mean doppler velocity, copolar, dealiased(mean_doppler_velocity_copol)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Hot noise, cross-polar(hot_noise_xpol)
• Spectral width, co-polarization(spectral_width_copol)
• Spectral width, cross-polarization(spectral_width_xpol)
• Mean doppler velocity, cross-polar(mean_doppler_velocity_xpol)
• Receiver noise(rx_noise)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• Reflectivity, copolar(reflectivity_copol)
• Radar calibration constant, copolar(cal_constant_copol)
• Signal to noise ratio, cross-polarization(signal_to_noise_ratio_xpol)
• Radar calibration constant, cross-polar(cal_constant_xpol)
• Sky noise, copolar(sky_noise_copol)
• Cold noise, copolar(cold_noise_copol)
• Signal-to-noise ratio, copolar(signal_to_noise_ratio_copol)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Cold noise, cross-polarization(cold_noise_xpol)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Reflectivity, cross-polar(reflectivity_xpol)
• Sky noise, cross-polarization(sky_noise_xpol)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• Hot noise, co-polarization(hot_noise_copol)

• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• lon(lon)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)
• Spectra(spectra)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• reflectivity(reflectivity)

• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)
• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)
• lon(lon)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Spectra(spectra)
• reflectivity(reflectivity)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• North Latitude(lat)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)

• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• lon(lon)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)
• Spectra(spectra)
• reflectivity(reflectivity)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)

• +12 V power supply voltage(input_12V)
• Radar calibration constant, channel 1, cross-polar(cal_constant_ch1_xpol)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• LNA temperature(temp_lna)
• Radar calibration constant, channel 2, copolar(cal_constant_ch2_copol)
• +28 V power supply voltage on radar control board(power_supply_28V)
• Status of the TWTA monitored values.(twta_status_is_valid)
• Transmit power(tx_power)
• +5.2 V power supply voltage on radar control board(power_supply_5p2V)
• +5 V power supply voltage on radar control board(power_supply_5V)
• Lock alarms for 1620 MHz oscillator.(lock_alarm_1620)
• Component plate temperature(temp_component_plate)
• +5 V power supply voltage(input_5V)
• Physical temperature of noise diode(temp_noise_diode)
• Instrument fault flags(fault_flags)
• +15 V power supply voltage(input_15V)
• Reverse power termination temperature(temp_reverse_power)
• Temperature measured by sensor on radar control board(temp_local)
• KAZR processing mode(processing_mode)
• lon(lon)
• Taper factor added to fast fourier transform.(fft_taper_type)
• Antenna feedhorn temperature(temp_antenna_feedhorn)
• Current reported by the TWTA helix.(helix_current)
• Lock alarms for 16560 MHz oscillator.(lock_alarm_16560)
• RF detector temperature(temp_rf_detector)
• Noise source, channel 2(noise_source_ch2)
• Noise source, channel 1(noise_source_ch1)
• Voltage reported by the TWTA cathode.(cathode_voltage)
• Receiver gain, channel 1(rx_gain_ch1)
• Receiver gain, channel 2(rx_gain_ch2)
• Remote control enabled (0/1)(remote_control_enabled)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• +8 V power supply voltage(input_8V)
• DC power supply temperature(temp_power_supply)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Voltage reported by the TWTA collector.(collector_voltage)
• Outside air temperature(temp_outside_air)
• KAZR timing mode(timing_mode)
• Relative humidity measured by sensor on radar control board(rh_local)
• Radar calibration constant, channel 2, cross-polar(cal_constant_ch2_xpol)
• Time of last detected TWTA fault.(twta_latest_fault_time_epoch)
• -5 V power supply voltage(input_minus5V)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Radar calibration constant, channel 1, copolar(cal_constant_ch1_copol)
• Heater filament voltage, inside the TWTA.(filament_voltage)
• Antenna relative humidity(rh_antenna)
• On/Off state(is_powered_on)
• Lock alarms for 120 MHz oscillator.(lock_alarm_120)
• Lock alarms for 360 MHz oscillator.(lock_alarm_360)
• Receiver noise, channel 2(rx_noise_ch2)
• Receiver noise, channel 1(rx_noise_ch1)
• Antenna temperature(temp_antenna)
• 4-port circulator temperature(temp_circulator)
• TWTA status state(twta_status_state)

• Reflectivity, cross-polar(reflectivity_xpol)
• Reflectivity, copolar(reflectivity_copol)
• Spectral width, cross-polarization(spectral_width_xpol)
• Receiver noise(rx_noise)
• Cold noise, cross-polarization(cold_noise_xpol)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Hot noise, cross-polar(hot_noise_xpol)
• Radar calibration constant, copolar(cal_constant_copol)
• Mean doppler velocity, cross-polar(mean_doppler_velocity_xpol)
• Sky noise, cross-polarization(sky_noise_xpol)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Hot noise, co-polarization(hot_noise_copol)
• Cold noise, copolar(cold_noise_copol)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• Radar calibration constant, cross-polar(cal_constant_xpol)
• Mean doppler velocity, copolar, dealiased(mean_doppler_velocity_copol)
• Sky noise, copolar(sky_noise_copol)
• Signal to noise ratio, cross-polarization(signal_to_noise_ratio_xpol)
• lon(lon)
• Spectral width, co-polarization(spectral_width_copol)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• Signal-to-noise ratio, copolar(signal_to_noise_ratio_copol)

• Sky noise, copolar(sky_noise_copol)
• Reflectivity, cross-polar(reflectivity_xpol)
• Reflectivity, copolar(reflectivity_copol)
• Spectral width, co-polarization(spectral_width_copol)
• Receiver noise(rx_noise)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Signal-to-noise ratio, copolar(signal_to_noise_ratio_copol)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• lon(lon)
• Mean doppler velocity, copolar, dealiased(mean_doppler_velocity_copol)
• Sky noise, cross-polarization(sky_noise_xpol)
• Signal to noise ratio, cross-polarization(signal_to_noise_ratio_xpol)
• Spectral width, cross-polarization(spectral_width_xpol)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Cold noise, copolar(cold_noise_copol)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• Radar calibration constant, cross-polar(cal_constant_xpol)
• Cold noise, cross-polarization(cold_noise_xpol)
• Mean doppler velocity, cross-polar(mean_doppler_velocity_xpol)
• Hot noise, co-polarization(hot_noise_copol)
• Radar calibration constant, copolar(cal_constant_copol)
• Hot noise, cross-polar(hot_noise_xpol)

• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• Spectra(spectra)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• lon(lon)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)