NSA/KAZR/C1 - General Quality Statement

The KAZR continues to undergo evaluation by the radar instrument mentors, ProSensing, VAP 
developers, DQ Office, site scientists, users, etc.  As more in-depth analysis and 
calibration studies take place, we anticipate that new insights will be gained to increase the 
quality of the data and decrease the uncertainty of the measurements.  This is a 
continuous improvement process and issues will be addressed as they are discovered.

Calibration is very important.  With the addition of Ka-SACRs adjacent to the KAZRs, this 
will give us an unprecedented method of doing calibration comparisons.  The Ka-SACR will 
be able to use an external calibration target to include those components that are not 
calibrated by internal circuits.  We will not be able to point the KAZR at a calibration 
target but by comparing radar returns to the Ka-SACR, we will be able to achieve a higher 
degree of calibration than we ever could with the KAZR operating standalone as its 
predecessor, the MMCR, did.

As issues are discovered, attempts will be made to correct data that is currently in the 
Archive.  However, retrospective correction of errors due calibration, signal processing, 
component degradation and software bugs may not be possible for many of the data files.

This open-ended DQR is an advisory that some aspects of the data quality are not yet 
known.  It is also a request for users that find issues or questions with the data to contact 
the ARM Radar Engineering & Operations Group Manager, Kevin Widener, at 
kevin.widener@pnnl.gov as these issues occur so that they can be investigated and corrected if necessary.

• Mean doppler velocity, cross-polar(mean_doppler_velocity_xpol)
• Radar calibration constant, copolar(cal_constant_copol)
• Spectral width, cross-polarization(spectral_width_xpol)
• Mean doppler velocity, copolar, dealiased(mean_doppler_velocity_copol)
• lon(lon)
• Hot noise, co-polarization(hot_noise_copol)
• Reflectivity, cross-polar(reflectivity_xpol)
• Spectral width, co-polarization(spectral_width_copol)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Reflectivity, copolar(reflectivity_copol)
• Signal-to-noise ratio, copolar(signal_to_noise_ratio_copol)
• Receiver noise(rx_noise)
• Radar calibration constant, cross-polar(cal_constant_xpol)
• Signal to noise ratio, cross-polarization(signal_to_noise_ratio_xpol)
• Hot noise, cross-polar(hot_noise_xpol)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• Cold noise, cross-polarization(cold_noise_xpol)
• Sky noise, cross-polarization(sky_noise_xpol)
• Sky noise, copolar(sky_noise_copol)
• Cold noise, copolar(cold_noise_copol)
• base time in epoch(base_time)

• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• reflectivity(reflectivity)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)
• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• Spectra(spectra)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• base time in epoch(base_time)

• 4-port circulator temperature(temp_circulator)
• Physical temperature of noise diode(temp_noise_diode)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• lon(lon)
• Relative humidity measured by sensor on radar control board(rh_local)
• Radar calibration constant, channel 2, copolar(cal_constant_ch2_copol)
• Taper factor added to fast fourier transform.(fft_taper_type)
• DC power supply temperature(temp_power_supply)
• Current reported by the TWTA helix.(helix_current)
• +28 V power supply voltage on radar control board(power_supply_28V)
• Reverse power termination temperature(temp_reverse_power)
• Antenna relative humidity(rh_antenna)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• Radar calibration constant, channel 1, copolar(cal_constant_ch1_copol)
• Status of the TWTA monitored values.(twta_status_is_valid)
• Radar calibration constant, channel 1, cross-polar(cal_constant_ch1_xpol)
• +8 V power supply voltage(input_8V)
• Voltage reported by the TWTA cathode.(cathode_voltage)
• Lock alarms for 120 MHz oscillator.(lock_alarm_120)
• +5 V power supply voltage on radar control board(power_supply_5V)
• Lock alarms for 360 MHz oscillator.(lock_alarm_360)
• Instrument fault flags(fault_flags)
• Transmit power(tx_power)
• +12 V power supply voltage(input_12V)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Heater filament voltage, inside the TWTA.(filament_voltage)
• Radar calibration constant, channel 2, cross-polar(cal_constant_ch2_xpol)
• KAZR processing mode(processing_mode)
• LNA temperature(temp_lna)
• +5.2 V power supply voltage on radar control board(power_supply_5p2V)
• Lock alarms for 16560 MHz oscillator.(lock_alarm_16560)
• Component plate temperature(temp_component_plate)
• +15 V power supply voltage(input_15V)
• +5 V power supply voltage(input_5V)
• Antenna feedhorn temperature(temp_antenna_feedhorn)
• -5 V power supply voltage(input_minus5V)
• Receiver gain, channel 1(rx_gain_ch1)
• Time of last detected TWTA fault.(twta_latest_fault_time_epoch)
• Receiver gain, channel 2(rx_gain_ch2)
• Antenna temperature(temp_antenna)
• Receiver noise, channel 2(rx_noise_ch2)
• Receiver noise, channel 1(rx_noise_ch1)
• Remote control enabled (0/1)(remote_control_enabled)
• Voltage reported by the TWTA collector.(collector_voltage)
• On/Off state(is_powered_on)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Lock alarms for 1620 MHz oscillator.(lock_alarm_1620)
• Temperature measured by sensor on radar control board(temp_local)
• RF detector temperature(temp_rf_detector)
• Outside air temperature(temp_outside_air)
• KAZR timing mode(timing_mode)
• TWTA status state(twta_status_state)
• Noise source, channel 2(noise_source_ch2)
• Noise source, channel 1(noise_source_ch1)

• Cold noise, cross-polarization(cold_noise_xpol)
• Sky noise, cross-polarization(sky_noise_xpol)
• Hot noise, co-polarization(hot_noise_copol)
• Signal-to-noise ratio, copolar(signal_to_noise_ratio_copol)
• Signal to noise ratio, cross-polarization(signal_to_noise_ratio_xpol)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• Cold noise, copolar(cold_noise_copol)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• lon(lon)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Receiver noise(rx_noise)
• Spectral width, co-polarization(spectral_width_copol)
• Reflectivity, copolar(reflectivity_copol)
• Spectral width, cross-polarization(spectral_width_xpol)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Radar calibration constant, cross-polar(cal_constant_xpol)
• Hot noise, cross-polar(hot_noise_xpol)
• Mean doppler velocity, copolar, dealiased(mean_doppler_velocity_copol)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Mean doppler velocity, cross-polar(mean_doppler_velocity_xpol)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• Sky noise, copolar(sky_noise_copol)
• Radar calibration constant, copolar(cal_constant_copol)
• Reflectivity, cross-polar(reflectivity_xpol)

• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• Spectra(spectra)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• reflectivity(reflectivity)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)

• reflectivity(reflectivity)
• Spectra(spectra)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)
• lon(lon)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)
• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• North Latitude(lat)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)

• Sky noise, copolar(sky_noise_copol)
• Mean doppler velocity, copolar, dealiased(mean_doppler_velocity_copol)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Mean doppler velocity, cross-polar(mean_doppler_velocity_xpol)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• North Latitude(lat)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Signal-to-noise ratio, copolar(signal_to_noise_ratio_copol)
• Hot noise, cross-polar(hot_noise_xpol)
• Sky noise, cross-polarization(sky_noise_xpol)
• lon(lon)
• Cold noise, cross-polarization(cold_noise_xpol)
• Radar calibration constant, cross-polar(cal_constant_xpol)
• Hot noise, co-polarization(hot_noise_copol)
• Radar calibration constant, copolar(cal_constant_copol)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• Reflectivity, copolar(reflectivity_copol)
• Reflectivity, cross-polar(reflectivity_xpol)
• Receiver noise(rx_noise)
• Spectral width, cross-polarization(spectral_width_xpol)
• Spectral width, co-polarization(spectral_width_copol)
• Signal to noise ratio, cross-polarization(signal_to_noise_ratio_xpol)
• Cold noise, copolar(cold_noise_copol)

• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)
• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Spectra(spectra)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)
• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• reflectivity(reflectivity)

• Spectra(spectra)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• reflectivity(reflectivity)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)

• reflectivity(reflectivity)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)
• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Spectra(spectra)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)