GAN/KAZR/M1 - General Quality Statement

The KAZR continues to undergo evaluation by the radar instrument mentors, ProSensing, VAP 
developers, DQ Office, site scientists, users, etc.  As more in-depth analysis and 
calibration studies take place, we anticipate that new insights will be gained to increase the 
quality of the data and decrease the uncertainty of the measurements.  This is a 
continuous improvement process and issues will be addressed as they are discovered.

Calibration is very important.  With the addition of Ka-SACRs adjacent to the KAZRs, this 
will give us an unprecedented method of doing calibration comparisons.  The Ka-SACR will 
be able to use an external calibration target to include those components that are not 
calibrated by internal circuits.  We will not be able to point the KAZR at a calibration 
target but by comparing radar returns to the Ka-SACR, we will be able to achieve a higher 
degree of calibration than we ever could with the KAZR operating standalone as its 
predecessor, the MMCR, did.

As issues are discovered, attempts will be made to correct data that is currently in the 
Archive.  However, retrospective correction of errors due calibration, signal processing, 
component degradation and software bugs may not be possible for many of the data files.

This open-ended DQR is an advisory that some aspects of the data quality are not yet 
known.  It is also a request for users that find issues or questions with the data to contact 
the ARM Radar Engineering & Operations Group Manager, Kevin Widener, at 
kevin.widener@pnnl.gov as these issues occur so that they can be investigated and corrected if necessary.

• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Spectra(spectra)
• reflectivity(reflectivity)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)
• lon(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)

• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Outside air temperature(temp_outside_air)
• 4-port circulator temperature(temp_circulator)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• KAZR processing mode(processing_mode)
• spare analog ... need a list of possible values(spare_analog_j12_1)
• Temperature measured by sensor on radar control board(temp_local)
• Antenna feedhorn temperature(temp_antenna_feedhorn)
• +12 V power supply voltage(input_12V)
• +28 V power supply voltage on radar control board(power_supply_28V)
• KAZR timing mode(timing_mode)
• +5 V power supply voltage on radar control board(power_supply_5V)
• Radar calibration constant, channel 1, copolar(cal_constant_ch1_copol)
• Physical temperature of noise diode(temp_noise_diode)
• Transmit power(tx_power)
• +5.2 V power supply voltage on radar control board(power_supply_5p2V)
• Taper factor added to fast fourier transform.(fft_taper_type)
• TWTA status state(twta_status_state)
• +8 V power supply voltage(input_8V)
• j2 logic ... need description(j2_logic)
• Lock alarms for 1620 MHz oscillator.(lock_alarm_1620)
• -5 V power supply voltage(input_minus5V)
• Receiver noise, channel 1(rx_noise_ch1)
• Receiver noise, channel 2(rx_noise_ch2)
• Antenna temperature(temp_antenna)
• Component plate temperature(temp_component_plate)
• Noise source, channel 2(noise_source_ch2)
• Noise source, channel 1(noise_source_ch1)
• RF detector temperature(temp_rf_detector)
• Radar calibration constant, channel 2, cross-polar(cal_constant_ch2_xpol)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Remote control enabled (0/1)(remote_control_enabled)
• Radar calibration constant, channel 2, copolar(cal_constant_ch2_copol)
• Relative humidity measured by sensor on radar control board(rh_local)
• +15 V power supply voltage(input_15V)
• Instrument fault flags(fault_flags)
• Reverse power termination temperature(temp_reverse_power)
• Lock alarms for 16560 MHz oscillator.(lock_alarm_16560)
• Receiver gain, channel 1(rx_gain_ch1)
• Receiver gain, channel 2(rx_gain_ch2)
• On/Off state(is_powered_on)
• DC power supply temperature(temp_power_supply)
• Radar calibration constant, channel 1, cross-polar(cal_constant_ch1_xpol)
• PDU status j1 logic ... need description(pdu_status_j1_logic)
• LNA temperature(temp_lna)
• Lock alarms for 360 MHz oscillator.(lock_alarm_360)
• Antenna relative humidity(rh_antenna)
• Lock alarms for 120 MHz oscillator.(lock_alarm_120)
• +5 V power supply voltage(input_5V)

• Reflectivity, copolar(reflectivity_copol)
• Signal-to-noise ratio, copolar(signal_to_noise_ratio_copol)
• Spectral width, co-polarization(spectral_width_copol)
• Cold noise, cross-polarization(cold_noise_xpol)
• Hot noise, co-polarization(hot_noise_copol)
• Sky noise, cross-polarization(sky_noise_xpol)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Spectral width, cross-polarization(spectral_width_xpol)
• Reflectivity, cross-polar(reflectivity_xpol)
• Cold noise, copolar(cold_noise_copol)
• Mean doppler velocity, cross-polar(mean_doppler_velocity_xpol)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• lon(lon)
• Signal to noise ratio, cross-polarization(signal_to_noise_ratio_xpol)
• Receiver noise(rx_noise)
• Radar calibration constant, copolar(cal_constant_copol)
• Mean doppler velocity, copolar, dealiased(mean_doppler_velocity_copol)
• Sky noise, copolar(sky_noise_copol)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Hot noise, cross-polar(hot_noise_xpol)
• Radar calibration constant, cross-polar(cal_constant_xpol)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• North Latitude(lat)

• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• reflectivity(reflectivity)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)
• Spectra(spectra)
• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)
• base time in epoch(base_time)

• Spectral width, co-polarization(spectral_width_copol)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• lon(lon)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• Receiver noise(rx_noise)
• Sky noise, copolar(sky_noise_copol)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Signal-to-noise ratio, copolar(signal_to_noise_ratio_copol)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• Hot noise, co-polarization(hot_noise_copol)
• Cold noise, copolar(cold_noise_copol)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Mean doppler velocity, copolar, dealiased(mean_doppler_velocity_copol)
• Radar calibration constant, copolar(cal_constant_copol)
• Reflectivity, copolar(reflectivity_copol)

• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Hot noise, co-polarization(hot_noise_copol)
• Receiver noise(rx_noise)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Reflectivity, copolar(reflectivity_copol)
• Sky noise, copolar(sky_noise_copol)
• Cold noise, copolar(cold_noise_copol)
• Mean doppler velocity, copolar, dealiased(mean_doppler_velocity_copol)
• lon(lon)
• Signal-to-noise ratio, copolar(signal_to_noise_ratio_copol)
• North Latitude(lat)
• Spectral width, co-polarization(spectral_width_copol)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• -180.0 - +180.0(alt)
• Radar calibration constant, copolar(cal_constant_copol)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)

• Doppler spectrum width (second moment of the doppler spectrum)(spectral_width)
• base time in epoch(base_time)
• Spectral velocity bins(velocity_bins)
• reflectivity(reflectivity)
• Time offset from base_time(time_offset)
• Locator Mask for Spectra(locator_mask)
• Distance to the center of the corresponding range bin(range)
• time_in_seconds_since_volume_start(time)
• Spectra(spectra)
• Signal-to-noise ratio(signal_to_noise_ratio)
• Mean doppler velocity(mean_doppler_velocity)