SGP/MWR/B6 - Sky Temperatures Noisy

The sky temperature data are very noisy, per Victor Morris.

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• 23.8 GHz calibration curve offset(23tbzenith)
• 31.4 GHz calibration curve offset(31tbzenith)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)

• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Data Missing

Instrument was returned to manufacturer for repair, per Victor Morris.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Data Missing

The instrument was returned to manufacturer for repair, per Victor Morris.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Sky Temperatures Noisy

The sky temperature data are very noisy, per Victor Morris.

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• 23.8 GHz calibration curve offset(23tbzenith)
• 31.4 GHz calibration curve offset(31tbzenith)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)

• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - missing data

Instrument returned to vendor for repair.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Spikes in sky temperature data

There are negative spikes in the sky temperature data, per Victor Morris.

• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)

• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - incorrect flagging of data

The "wet window" flag was set high more frequent than expected (wet_window = 1 for several 
hours almost every night). This problem was corrected by the instrument mentor during a 
site visit.

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

SGP/MWR/B6 - noisy data

The MWR exhibited occasional negative sky brightness temperatures that were resolved, 
after eliminating the instrument and communication lines as the source of the problem, by 
reformatting and reconfiguring the laptop computer.

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)

• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - missing data

The data are missing because the computer was removed to upgrade the core configuration.

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B6 - High noise level, poor calibration

The data from this instrument (serial number 18) have become increasingly noisy, most 
likely due to a failing local oscillator.  A consequence of this increased noise level has 
been few valid calibration scans ("tip curves") since 1 April 2002: during the period 26-31 
March 2002 1496 valid tip curves were acquired, whereas only 729 were acquired during 
April, 387 during May, 143 during June, 243 during July.  As a result, the calibration was 
not as well-maintained as usual.  The measured brightness temperatures and retrieved 
precipitable water vapor and liquid water path should be regarded as suspect.  The instrument 
was replaced with serial number 04 on 2 August 2002.

• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz sky+noise injection signal(23skyn)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(23bb)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(31bb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23sky)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(noise_injection_temp_23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky+noise injection signal(31skyn)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(31bbn)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(temperature_correction_coef_31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(23bbn)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(noise_injection_temp_31)
• 31.4 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(31unoise)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(temperature_correction_coef_23)
• 23.8 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(23unoise)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31sky)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Instrument replaced, calibration incorrect

MWR serial number 18 was replaced with MWR serial number 04 at 1652 on 2 Aug 2002.  
Between this time and 2214, when a sufficient number of new tip curves were acquired to update 
the calibration, the old calibration (for serial number 18) was used.  During this period 
the data are incorrect.

• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)

• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval flagged by Dynamic Linear Model as poten(dlm_flag_fraction)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Number of points included in the ir_temp ensemble(num_obs_irt)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total water vapor amount(vap_sdev)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23_sdev)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the IR brightness temperature(ir_temp_sdev)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Number of points included in the ensemble of all the fields except the ir_temp
  fields(num_obs)
• Number of contiguous periods in averaging interval flagged by Dynamic Linear Mo(dlm_flag_periods)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval with water on the Teflon window(water_flag_fraction)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total liquid water amount(liq_sdev)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Number of contiguous periods in averaging interval with water on Teflon window(water_flag_periods)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Number of data points averaged for ir_temp(num_obs_ir)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31_sdev)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Which LOS configuration(losn)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz sky+noise injection signal(23skyn)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(23bb)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(noise_injection_temp_23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(31bbn)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(temperature_correction_coef_31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(23bbn)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(noise_injection_temp_31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(23unoise)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(31bb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23sky)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky+noise injection signal(31skyn)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 31.4 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(31unoise)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(temperature_correction_coef_23)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31sky)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Instrument replaced, calibration updating

Following replacement of the MWR at B6, an automatically and continuously upated median 
calibration value was used based on data acquired during this period.  After this period, 
sufficient tip curves were available to automatically and continuously determine and 
account for the temperature dependence of the calibration.

• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)

• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval flagged by Dynamic Linear Model as poten(dlm_flag_fraction)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Number of points included in the ir_temp ensemble(num_obs_irt)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total water vapor amount(vap_sdev)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23_sdev)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the IR brightness temperature(ir_temp_sdev)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Number of points included in the ensemble of all the fields except the ir_temp
  fields(num_obs)
• Number of contiguous periods in averaging interval flagged by Dynamic Linear Mo(dlm_flag_periods)
• Fraction of data in averaging interval with water on the Teflon window(water_flag_fraction)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the total liquid water amount(liq_sdev)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Number of contiguous periods in averaging interval with water on Teflon window(water_flag_periods)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Number of data points averaged for ir_temp(num_obs_ir)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Standard deviation about the mean for the 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31_sdev)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Which LOS configuration(losn)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz sky+noise injection signal(23skyn)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(23bb)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(noise_injection_temp_23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(31bbn)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(temperature_correction_coef_31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(23bbn)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(noise_injection_temp_31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(23unoise)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(31bb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23sky)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky+noise injection signal(31skyn)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 31.4 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(31unoise)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(temperature_correction_coef_23)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31sky)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Incorrect MWR warmup configuration

The local oscillator warm-up delay in the MWR configuration file was set to 
720 milliseconds instead of the typical 100 milliseconds which substantially 
increased the duration of the observing cycle.

• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)

• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Intermittent Negative Sky Brightness Temperatures

Several related and recurring problems with the SGP MWRs have been
reported dating back to 1999.  These problems were due to the
occurrence of blackbody signals (in counts) that were half of those
expected. The symptoms included noisy data (especially at Purcell),
spikes in the data (especially at Vici), negative brightness
temperatures, and apparent loss of serial communication between the
computer and the radiometer, which results in a self-termination of the
MWR program (especially at the CF).

Because these all initially appeared to be hardware-related problems,
the instrument mentor and SGP site operations personnel (1) repeatedly
cleaned and replaced the fiber optic comm. components, (2) swapped
radiometers, (3) sent radiometers back to Radiometrics for evaluation
(which has not revealed any instrument problems), and (4) reconfigured
the computer's operating system.  Despite several attempts to isolate
and correct it, the problem persisted.

It became apparent that some component of the Windows98 configuration
conflicted with the DOS-based MWR program or affected the serial port
or the contents of the serial port buffer. This problem was finally
corrected by upgrading the MWR software with a new Windows-compatible
program.

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)

• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)

SGP/MWR/B6  - min/max/delta values incorrect

The values of valid_min, valid_max, and valid_delta for fields tkxc and tknd were 
incorrect. They should be 303, 333, and 0.5 K, respectively.

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)

SGP/MWR/B6  - thermal instability

During periods of high ambient temperature, the instrument may have been thermally 
unstable.

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)

• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Heater problem

When the heater/blower was replaced, the wet_window flag was constantly set high because 
the "moisture threshold voltage" value in the configuration file was not changed. The 
value was corrected for the new heater and the constant flagging stopped.

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Reprocess: Revised Retrieval Coefficients

IN THE BEGINNING (June 1992), the retrieval coefficients used to derive 
the precipitable water vapor (PWV) and liquid water path (LWP) from the 
MWR brightness temperatures were based on the Liebe and Layton (1987) 
water vapor and oxygen absorption model and the Grant (1957) liquid 
water absorption model.

Following the SHEBA experience, revised retrievals based on the more 
recent Rosenkranz (1998) water vapor and oxygen absorption models and 
the Liebe (1991) liquid waer absorption model were developed.  The 
Rosenkranz water vapor absorption model resulted a 2 percent increase 
in PWV relative to the earlier Liebe and Layton model.  The Liebe 
liquid water absorption model decreased the LWP by 10% relative to the 
Grant model.  However, the increased oxygen absorption caused a 
0.02-0.03 mm (20-30 g/m2) reduction in LWP, which was particularly 
significant for low LWP conditions (i.e. thin clouds encountered at 
SHEBA).

Recently, it has been shown (Liljegren, Boukabara, Cady-Pereira, and 
Clough, TGARS v. 43, pp 1102-1108, 2005) that the half-width of the 
22 GHz water vapor line from the HITRAN compilation, which is 5 percent 
smaller than the Liebe and Dillon (1969) half-width used in Rosenkranz 
(1998), provided a better fit to the microwave brightness temperature 
measurements at 5 frequencies in the range 22-30 GHz, and yielded more 
accurate retrievals. Accordingly, revised MWR retrieval coefficients 
have been developed using MONORTM, which utilizes the HITRAN compilation 
for its spectroscopic parameters.  These new retrievals provide 3 
percent less PWV and 2.6 percent greater LWP than the previous 
retrievals based on Rosenkranz (1998).

Although the MWR data will be reprocessed to apply the new monortm-based 
retrievals, for most purposes it will be sufficient to correct the data 
using the following factors:

PWV_MONORTM = 0.9695 * PWV_ROSENKRANZ
LWP_MONORTM = 1.026  * LWP_ROSENKRANZ

The Rosenkranz-based retrieval coefficients became active at SGP.B6 
20020416.2200.  The MONORTM-based retrieval coefficients became active 
at SGP.B6 20050624.1942.

Note: a reprocessing effort is already underway to apply the 
Rosenkranz-based retrieval coefficients to all MWR prior to April 
2002.  An additional reprocessing task will be undertaken to apply 
the MONORTM retrieval to all MWR data when the first is completed. 
Read reprocessing comments in the netcdf file header carefully to 
ensure you are aware which retrieval is in play.

• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)

• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)

• Ensemble average for MWR liquid in window centered about balloon release(mean_liq_mwr)
• Ensemble average for MWR vapor in window centered about balloon release(mean_vap_mwr)

• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)

SGP/MWR/B6 - New software version (4.15) installed

A problem began with the installation of MWR.EXE version 4.12 in July 2002. The software 
had been upgraded from a "DOS" to a "Windows"-compiled program to address an earlier 
problem.  The software upgrade corrected the earlier problem but introduced a new one that 
caused line-of-sight observing cycles to be skipped, a 15% reduction in the number of tip 
curves, and saturation of CPU usage. Software versions 4.13 and 4.14 also produced these 
problems.

The new MWR software, version 4.15, was installed on 9/23/2005. As a consequence of this 
upgrade, the tip curve frequency increased. The tip cycle time decreased from ~60s to ~50s.

• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)

• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)

SGP/MWR/B6  - Reprocess: wrong retrievals

When the computer and core configuration were upgraded, retrieval coefficients for BF1 
were accidently included in the configuration file.
The correct coefficients for BF6 were applied when the software was upgraded to ver. 4.14 
and the configuration file was updated.

• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)

• Ensemble average for MWR liquid in window centered about balloon release(mean_liq_mwr)
• Ensemble average for MWR vapor in window centered about balloon release(mean_vap_mwr)

• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)

SGP/MWR/B1/B4/B6 - Instruments in calibration (tip) mode

These instruments were placed in calibration (tip) mode at the same time as the central 
facility (CF) instrument.  Line-of-sight (LOS) data are not collected while the instrument 
is in tip mode.

Note that the instrument at Hillsboro, KS (B1) is not reachable by telnet; it will not 
begin acquiring zenith line-of-sight data until its computer is rebooted.

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23sky)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(23bb)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(31bbn)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• 23.8 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(23unoise)
• 23.8 GHz sky+noise injection signal(23skyn)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky+noise injection signal(31skyn)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31sky)
• 31.4 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(31unoise)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Which LOS configuration(losn)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(31bb)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(23bbn)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)

• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Which LOS configuration(losn)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz sky+noise injection signal(23skyn)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(23bb)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(31bbn)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(23bbn)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• 23.8 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(23unoise)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(31bb)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23sky)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 31.4 GHz sky+noise injection signal(31skyn)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• 31.4 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(31unoise)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31sky)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)

• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(31bb)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 23.8 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(23unoise)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(23bb)
• 31.4 GHz sky+noise injection signal(31skyn)
• 23.8 GHz sky+noise injection signal(23skyn)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 31.4 GHz noise injection brightness temperature(31unoise)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(23bbn)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23sky)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Which LOS configuration(losn)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31sky)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(31bbn)

• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)

SGP/MWR/B1/B4/B6/C1 - software change

The MWR operating software was changed on 12 October 1998 to provide additional 
functionality as described below. This change affects the format of the raw and ingested data. 
   
NEW FEATURES
1. Faster sampling rate
   
Standard line-of-sight (LOS) observations can now be acquired at 15-second intervals vs. 
20-second intervals previously. (The standard LOS cycle is comprised of one sky sample per 
blackbody sample and gain update.)
   
2. More flexible sampling strategy
   
Multiple sky observations can be acquired during a LOS cycle, up to 1024 per gain update. 
This permits sky samples to be acquired at intervals of 2.67 seconds for improved 
temporal resolution of cloud liquid water variations and better coordination with the millimeter 
cloud radar during IOPs.
   
3. Separation of zenith LOS observations from TIP data
   
When the radiometer is in TIP mode, the zenith LOS observations are now extracted, the PWV 
and LWP computed and reported separately in the output file. This eliminates the periods 
of missing LOS data during calibration checks/updates.
   
4. Automatic self-calibration
   
The software now permits the calibration to be updated at specified intervals or 
continuously. In the first case, LOS mode is automatically changed to TIP mode at user-specified 
intervals or whenever clear sky conditions occur, the tip data reduced, the calibration 
updated ,and the radiometer returned to LOS mode without operator intervention. In the 
second case, the radiometer is continuously is TIP mode until changed by the operator.
   
5. Graphical user display
   
The graphical display is comprised of a status display, a message display, a temperature 
plot, a plot of the retrieved PWV and LWP, and (in TIP mode) a plot of the latest tip 
curves.

Editor's Note: The SGP.C1 data were reprocessed in 2004 and enhancement #3 described above 
was applied to the data prior to Oct 1998.  The SGP.BF data are queued for reprocessing 
as well.

• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)

• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)

• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)

• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)

• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)

• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)

• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)

• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)

• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)

• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)

SGP/MWR/B1/B4/B5/B6/C1 - software upgrade (version 3.27)

At 00:00 GMT on 7 January version 3.27 of the MWR operating program was installed and made 
operational at the SGP central facility (C1).  No problems were noted over the next few 
days and the boundary facility MWRs (B1, B4, B5, B6) were upgraded at 20:00 GMT on 11 
January.  This version includes a beam width correction I developed as well as providing the 
capability to automatically level the elevation mirror (that is, to automatically detect 
and correct offsets in the elevation angle stepper motor position.)

On 12 January I discovered that the '486-based MWR computers at B1, B4 and B6 were not 
executing the system command to move and rename the data files so that the ARM data system 
could retrieve them.  Reducing the length of the storage arrays in the auto-leveling 
feature from 1000 to 250 resolved the problem.  This results in the auto-leveling being based 
on only 4 hours of clear sky data rather than 16 hours at B5 and C1.  This version of the 
program is 3.28. Version 3.27 (running at B5 and C1) can be installed if and when these 
computers are upgraded to Pentium-class machines.

The improvement in the quality of the tip curves resulting from the auto-leveling has been 
dramatic: differences in the brightness temperatures at 3 airmasses (19.5 and 160.5 
degrees) have been reduced from +/- 5 K to +/- 0.5 K.  The goodness-of-fit coefficient for 
the tip curves has improved from about 0.995 to over 0.998.  In order to take full 
advantage of this improvement to detect and reject cloudy tip curves, the minimum value of the 
goodness-of-fit coefficient for a valid tip curve has been increased from 0.995 to 0.998.

Editor's Note: The SGP.C1 data were reprocessed in 2004 to produce a common DOD for all 
time.  The 1996-1998 data reprocessing included beam width and mirror-leveling corrections, 
but the data prior to that range did not have these corrections applied.

• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31tipsky)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23tipsky)

• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)

• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31tipsky)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23tipsky)

• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)

• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23tipsky)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31tipsky)

• 31.4 GHz sky signal(31tipsky)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(23tipsky)

• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)

• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)

• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)

SGP/MWR/B6 - Reprocess: Incorrect calibration

When the operating software was upgraded, the automatic calibration routine was, for some 
unknown reason, initialized wrong. The problem was corrected when the site operator 
stopped and restarted the software.  The data need to be reprocessed with the correct 
calibrations coefficients.

• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)

• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Averaged 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(31tbsky)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Averaged 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(23tbsky)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)

SGP/MWR/B1/B4/B6 - Reprocess: Data Ingest Problem

The first version of the new ingest produced incorrect values of variables tbsky23 and 
ir_temp and global attribute elevation_angle. 
In evaluating this file, I found that tbsky23 is actually tnd31, ir_temp is 
noise_injection_temp_31, and elevation is '1079410688 deg' instead of 90. All other variables and 
global attributes are ok. 

Note, the SGP.C1 data were also originally affected by this problem, but they were 
subsequently reprocessed.  This DQR will be removed when the SGP.BF data have also been 
reprocessed.

• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)

• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)

• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)

• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)

• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)

SGP/MWR/B1/B4/B5/B6 - data file split at 23:59

A problem with the MWR operating software has been corrected.  However, several files were 
generated that contain one record of data collected at midnight but labeled with the 
previous day's date.

• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)

• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)

• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)

• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)

• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)

• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)

• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)

• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)

• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)

• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)

• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)

• Mean IR brightness temperature(ir_temp)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)