TWP/MWR/C3 - Instrument failure, Power outage

A lightning strike sent the MWR offline. The radiometer suffered extensive damage, was 
removed from the site and sent to the vendor for repair. A spare radiometer was sent to the 
TWP/C3 site and was installed on 12/07. However, some hardaware communication issues 
prevented data collection until 12/10.

• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)

• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Mean 31.4 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(sky31)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(sky23)
• Mean 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature(tbsky23)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)

• Ambient temperature(tkair)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 31.4 GHz(tnd_nom31)
• Water on Teflon window (1=WET, 0=DRY)(wet_window)
• 23.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip23)
• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz derived from this tip(tnd31I)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 23.8 GHz(tc23)
• 23.8 GHz sky signal(tipsky23)
• 31.4 GHz Blackbody signal(bb31)
• Time offset of tweaks from base_time(time_offset)
• 23.8 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn23)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)
• 31.4 GHz blackbody+noise injection signal(bbn31)
• Time offset from base_time(base_time)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd23)
• 23.8 GHz Blackbody signal(bb23)
• Blackbody kinetic temperature(tkbb)
• Noise diode mount temperature(tknd)
• Temperature correction coefficient at 31.4 GHz(tc31)
• Noise injection temp at nominal temperature at 23.8 GHz(tnd_nom23)
• Noise injection temp at 31.4 GHz adjusted to tkbb(tnd31)
• 31.4 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r31)
• 31.8 GHz sky brightness temperature derived from tip curve(tbskytip31)
• east longitude for all the input platforms.(lon)
• Mixer kinetic (physical) temperature(tkxc)
• Noise injection temp at 23.8 GHz derived from this tip(tnd23I)
• 31.4 GHz sky signal(tipsky31)
• 23.8 GHz goodness-of-fit coefficient(r23)
• altitude above sea levelaltunits(alt)
• north latitude for all the input platforms.(lat)
• Actual elevation angle(actel)
• Actual Azimuth(actaz)

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

TWP/SKYRAD/C3 - tracker inoperative

A lightning strike at Darwin removed the tracker from service.  Instruments installed on 
the tracker were rendered either inoperative or were not shaded during this time period.  
The longwave hemispheric instruments PIR1 and PIR2 appear to have been unaffected.  They 
are not suseptable to incorrect tracker operation.  The downwelling hemispheric shortwave 
PSP instrument mounted on Skyrad will not be affected by incorrect tracker operation.

• Raw data stream - documentation not supported(Raw data stream - documentation not supported)

• Shortwave Direct Normal Irradiance, Pyrheliometer, Minima(short_direct_normal_min)
• Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer,
  Maxima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_max)
• Shortwave Direct Normal Irradiance, Pyrheliometer(short_direct_normal)
• Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer,
  Minima(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_min)
• Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer,
  Standard Deviation(down_short_diffuse_hemisp_std)
• Shortwave Direct Normal Irradiance, Pyrheliometer, Maxima(short_direct_normal_max)
• Shortwave Direct Normal Irradiance, Pyrheliometer, Standard Deviation(short_direct_normal_std)
• Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyranometer(down_short_diffuse_hemisp)

• Instantaneous Direct Normal Shortwave Irradiance, Pyrheliometer Thermopile
  Voltage(inst_direct_normal)
• Instantaneous Uncorrected Downwelling Shortwave Diffuse, Shaded Pyranometer
  Thermopile Voltage(inst_diffuse)

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - IRT malfunction

The internal IRT power supply failed (probably due to a lightning strike on 11/14) and was 
drawing excessive current on the data logger's DC system. The problem was corrected by 
replacing the instrument with a spare.

• Surface Infra-Red Temperature, Standard Deviation(sfc_ir_temp_std)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)

TWP/MWR/C3 - REPROCESS- Updated retrieval coefficients

The statistical retrieval coefficients currently in use at the Darwin (TWP/C3) site were 
developed using radiosonde RS80 launched from Manus Island during the TOGA-COARE 
experiment.
Data from Manus Island have minimal seasonality, therefore a single, annual set of 
coefficients was used at all three sites. Retrievals using these coefficients are sufficiently 
accurate especially during the local summer months (December-January). However, the Darwin 
site displays a summer/winter seasonality resulting in larger differences during the 
southern winter (May-
June).
Since we now have enough radiosonde soundings (RS80 and RS90) available at the Darwin 
site, the Darwin coefficients were modified to better reflect the local seasonality.

• Mean total water vapor amount along LOS path(vap)
• Mean total liquid water amount along LOS path(liq)

• Total water vapor along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(vaptip)
• Total liquid water along zenith path using tip-derived brightness temperatures(liqtip)

TWP/SKYRAD/C3 - IRT damaged

The analog output of the IRT was damaged by a lightning strike. The problem was corrected 
by replacing the instrument with a spare. The damaged IRT was returned to the vendor for 
repair.

• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sky_ir_temp_min)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature(sky_ir_temp)
• Sky/Cloud Infra-Red Temperature Standard Deviation(sky_ir_temp_std)

• Instantaneous Sky/Cloud Infrared(inst_sky_ir_signal)

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - IRT power

The IRT failed to report after a planned power outage to add lightning protection modules 
to the AC power wiring. The problem was corrected when a loose power connection to the 
logger was found, rectified, and power restored to the logger.

• Surface Infra-Red Temperature, Standard Deviation(sfc_ir_temp_std)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Minima(sfc_ir_temp_min)
• Effective Surface (Skin) Temperature(sfc_ir_temp)
• Surface Infra-Red Temperature Maxima(sfc_ir_temp_max)

TWP/SMET/C3 - ORG data noisy due to degraded ground

SMET Rain Data began to be noisy during December 2005 and the problem slowly became worse 
over time so that in February 2006 the ORG was reporting with a constant background value 
of around 0.10 mm/hr rain rate.  ORG voltage showed a near constant value above the 85mV 
threshold.  The ground for the ORG had become degraded and was lost due to corrosion.

• Precipitation mean(precip_mean)
• Precipitation maximum(precip_max)
• Precipitation standard deviation(precip_sd)
• precipitation minimum(precip_min)

TWP/SKYRAD/C3 - Reprocess: Longwave Calibration error

Modified pyrgeometer calibration procedures were implemented beginning in December 2003.  
These modified procedures introduced a calibration bias in the longwave data.  The 
previous procedures were re-implemented at all sites between December 2005 and February 2006 to 
restore proper calibrations.                                                             
                The data collected while the incorrect procedures were in place are 
being reprocessing to remove the calibration bias.  Note, this also affected standard 
deviation, maximum and minimum data fields.

• Downwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Shaded Pyrgeometer2(down_long_hemisp_shaded2)
• Downwelling Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Shaded Pyrgeometer1(down_long_hemisp_shaded1)

TWP/GNDRAD/C3 - Reprocess: Longwave Calibration error

Modified pyrgeometer calibration procedures were implemented beginning in December 2003.  
These modified procedures introduced a calibration bias in the longwave data.  The 
previous procedures were re-implemented at all sites between December 2005 and February 2006 to 
restore proper calibrations.                                                             
                The data collected while the incorrect procedures were in place are 
being reprocessing to remove the calibration bias.  Note, this also affected standard 
deviation, maximum and minimum data fields.

• Upwelling (10 meter) Longwave Hemispheric Irradiance, Ventilated Pyrgeometer(up_long_hemisp)

TWP/SMET/C3 - Reprocess: Barometric Data Changed from hPa to kPa

Barometric pressure data was converted from hPa to kPa in order to standardize the 
measurement units among ARM sites and to conform to accepted standard units determined by the 
scientific community.

• Atmospheric pressure(atmos_pressure)

TWP/SMET/C3 - Reprocess: Tipping bucket rain gauge added

A tipping bucket rain gauge was added to the SMET suite of instruments effective 20060926. 
 Two new variables (count and rain amount) were added at the end of the twpsmet60sC1.b1 
datastream.  When reprocessing of this datastream occurs these variables will be added 
with -9999 (missing) as the value for dates prior to gauge installation.

• Time offset from base_time(base_time)